摘要:
全球地热资源丰富,具有巨大的开发潜力,它将在全球的经济发展中起到强大的推动作用。地震方法是高精度地热勘探开发中不可或缺的手段。地热资源地震勘探方法包括主动地震和被动地震两大类,这两类地震方法在地热勘探的不同阶段各自发挥着重要作用。首先分析了地热储层的地震响应特征,然后总结了国内外被动地震和主动地震勘探新技术,为进一步提高我国的地热资源地震勘探水平提供一些借鉴。研究表明,被动地震在地热田最初的普查中起到关键作用,但是在地热储层特征的精细刻画和裂缝探测的预测精度方面,该方法存在一定的缺陷;主动方法虽然成本相对较高,但是由于其高信噪比和高分辨率,所以它能更好地描述储层特征,为未开发地热区选区评价和井位优选提供可靠的技术保障;此外,多波技术也将是地热勘探未来发展的重要方向。
Abstract:
Geothermal resources are very abundant in the world and thus have great exploration potential.In addition,the geothermal re?sources will considerably stimulate the global economic development. In the exploration and development of geothermal resources, the seismic technique has been playing the essential role.This technique mainly includes active and passive seismic methods which are to be conducted at different stages of geothermal exploration.In this paper,seismic responses of geothermal reservoir are analyzed first,then new technologies of passive and active seismic methods are summarized,with the purpose of providing some valuable references for the geothermal seismic exploration in China. Studies show that passive seismic method should be conducted first in the initial geothermal survey.Nevettheless,this method has some limitations on the precision in the fracture detection and the description of permeability fea?tures;in contrast,active seismic method,which relies on the high S/N ratio and high?resolution itself, can describe reservoir character?istics better,therefore guaranteeing more?refined regional evaluation and extreme site optimization of undeveloped geothermal areas. Be?sides,multi?wave technique also will be the future orientation of geothermal development.
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