Physical simulation experiment for detecting water-filled goaf of coal mine under complex conditions bases on transient electromagnetic method
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摘要: 煤矿充水采空区形成后,分布形态各异且位置不明,因此极易造成严重水害事故。为了精准定位充水采空区并研究其电磁响应特征,本文选择神东煤矿1号煤层为工程背景,采用亚克力玻璃架子充当实验台,并使用相似模拟材料充当各岩层设计了不同积水量以及不同垮落岩体存在状态下充水采空区的瞬变电磁探测物理实验。结果表明:当采空区内充水时,感应电动势曲线在衰减过程中会受到低阻效应而产生异常的“上凸现象,且充水量越大异常幅度越明显。垮落岩体的存在会有限地减弱低阻异常效应。当采空区内未充水时,感应电动势曲线正常衰减,此时垮落岩体产生的影响可忽略不计。本次研究对于煤矿采空区水害防治具有重要意义。Abstract: After the formation of water-filled goaf in coal mines, the distribution patterns and locations are different and unclear. Therefore, it can easily cause serious water hazards. In order to accurately locate the water-filled goaf and study its electromagnetic response characteristics, the authors chose the Datong Majiliang coal mine as the engineering background, used acrylic glass shelves as the experimental platform, and took similar simulation materials as each rock layer to design the physical experiment of transient electromagnetic detection in the water-filled goaf under different water accumulation and existence situations of collapsed rock masses. The results demonstrate that, when the goaf is filled with water, the induced electromotive force curve will be affected by the low resistance effect during the attenuation process and produce an abnormal "upward" phenomenon, and the greater the water filling, the more obvious the abnormal amplitude is. The existence of collapsed rock mass will limitedly weaken the abnormal interference of low resistance. When the goaf is not filled with water, the induced electromotive force curve decays normally, and the impact of the collapsed rock mass is negligible.
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