Spatio-temporal variations in the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents in the Muling River-Xingkai Lake Plain
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摘要: 土壤有机碳(SOC)和全氮(TN)不仅是可持续农业的基础,更是土壤肥力的关键,对维持土壤养分的含量具有重要作用。基于穆棱河—兴凯湖平原1:25万土地质量地球化学调查土壤养分元素数据和第二次全国土壤普查土壤养分元素数据,运用地统计学方法和GIS技术,探讨1979~2019年穆兴平原表层土壤SOC含量和TN含量的时空变化规律。结果表明:研究区表层土壤SOC含量和TN含量主要处于三等以上水平,呈现出整体较丰富和丰富、局部缺乏的分布特征。经过40年演变,SOC含量下降了25.65%,TN含量下降了29.87%,C/N比增加了6.00%;与1979年相比,2019年的表层土壤不同土壤类型中SOC、TN含量都在下降,只有水稻土增加;自然生态系统转变为农田导致SOC、TN含量都在下降;说明土壤类型和土地利用方式变化等因素对研究区土壤养分的空间变异程度有着显著影响。Abstract: The soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents serve as the basis for sustainable agriculture and the key to soil fertility and play an important role in maintaining the soil nutrient content. Based on the soil nutrient element data obtained from the 1:250,000 land quality geochemical survey and the second national soil census, this study investigated the spatio-temporal variations in the SOC and TN contents in the surface soil of the Muling River-Xingkai Lake Plain from 1979 to 2019 using the geostatistical method and the geographic information system (GIS) technique. The results show that the SOC and TN contents in the surface soil of the study area are mainly at grade Ⅲ or above. They are rich or highly rich overall but are deficient locally. During 40 years of evolution, the SOC and TN contents decreased by 25.65% and 29.87%, respectively, and the C/N ratio increased by 6.00%. Compared with those in 1979, the SOC and TN contents in the surface soil decreased in different soil types except for paddy soil. The transition from the natural ecosystem into farmland also decreased the SOC and TN contents. These results indicate that factors such as changes in soil types and land uses have significant effects on the degree of the spatial variations in soil nutrients in the study area.
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