Generation mechanism of ghost wave in marine seismic exploration and ghost wave attenuation from marine seismic data
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摘要: 在海洋油气勘探中,为了准确获取勘探目的层高精度、高分辨率的反射信息,实现更加细腻的成像,海洋地震宽频采集及处理技术近年来得到了极大的创新和发展。本文研究了海洋地震勘探中鬼波的产生机理、鬼波的分类和特性及其在实际地震资料中的表现形式。采用频率域高精度斜缆Radon变换作为主要处理方法,对某直斜缆宽频数据进行了鬼波的衰减,经过鬼波压制处理后,地震资料的震源鬼波和电缆鬼波都得到了极大程度的衰减,陷波点能量显著增强。鬼波压制处理既拓宽了地震资料的低频成分,也拓宽了地震资料的高频成分,尤其低频成分能量得到了显著的增强,该方法在实际海洋地震资料的应用中取得了良好的应用效果。Abstract: In marine oil and gas exploration,for the purpose of accurately acquiring the high-precision and high-resolution reflection information of the exploration target and realizing more delicate imaging,broadband acquisition and processing technology of marine seismic has been greatly innovated and developed in recent years.In this paper,the generation mechanism of ghost wave,the classification and characteristics of ghost wave and its manifestation in actual seismic data are studied.The high-resolution radon transform in frequency domain is used as the main processing method to attenuate ghost wave in a broad-band data of a straight slant cable.After the ghost wave suppression processing,the source ghost wave and cable ghost wave of seismic data have been greatly attenuated,and the notch energy has been significantly enhanced.The broadband processing not only broadens the low-frequency component of seismic data,but also broadens the high-frequency component of seismic data;especially,the low-frequency component energy has been significantly enhanced.This method has achieved good results in the application of marine seismic data.
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Key words:
- ghost wave attenuation /
- notch /
- slant cable acquisition /
- broadband processing
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