摘要:
富硒土地开发在全国各地区普遍开展并取得显著成果,然而西藏地区目前尚无报道有关富硒的土地或作物。本文以西藏白朗县重点耕地区为研究对象,讨论土壤、作物中的硒含量特征及影响因素,支撑服务西藏高原地区的富硒土地开发及利用。结果表明,研究区土壤Se含量范围为(0.05~0.76)×10-6,高于西藏土壤背景值0.15×10-6;研究区76.83%土地面积为足硒,根据碱性土壤Se标准阈值(w(Se)≥0.3×10-6)划定,Se含量高于0.3×10-6的土地面积45.43 km2。进一步研究显示,富硒土壤分布区域青稞籽粒中Se含量范围为(0.017~0.17) ×10-6,平均含量为0.063×10-6,油菜籽籽粒中Se含量范围为(0.043~0.14) ×10-6,平均含量为0.078×10-6。富硒土壤区域根系土结果表明,涅如组地层控制着土壤中Se的来源,土壤Se和有效Se含量与N、P、碱解氮、速效磷等具有显著的正相关,而与pH呈显著负相关,说明土壤中的大量养分元素及pH值对Se的行为具有重要影响作用。综上,白朗县富硒土壤分布区域土壤环境质量良好,农作物中硒的含量较高,具有较好的发展高原富硒农产品的潜力。
关键词:
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土壤Se含量
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青稞
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影响因素
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西藏
Abstract:
The development of Se-rich land has been carried out in many regions of China, achieving remarkable results. However, no Se-rich land or crop has been reported in Tibet. This study analyzed the characteristics and influencing factors of the Se content in the soils and crops of the key arable land areas in Bailang County, Tibet, aiming to lend support to the development and utilization of Se-rich land in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The results are as follows: The soils in the study area have a Se content of (0.05~0.76)×10-6, which is higher than the background value of soils in Tibet (0.15 ×10-6); 76.83% of the land in the study area has sufficient Se, and land in the study area with a Se content of greater than 0.3 ×10-6 covers an area of 45.43 km2, as determined according to the standard threshold of Se content in alkaline soils (w(Se)≥0.3 ×10-6). Further investigation shows that highland barley seeds have a Se content of (0.017~0.17)×10-6 (average: 0.063 ×10-6) and rapeseeds have a Se content of (0.043~0.14)×10-6 (average: 0.078 ×10-6) in the distribution area of Se-rich soils. As indicated by the root soil results of the zones with Se-rich soils, the Nieru Group controls the source of Se in soils, and Se and effective Se content in the soils are significantly positively correlated with N, P, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, and rapid available phosphorus but is significantly negatively correlated with pH. These results indicate that the behavior of Se is significantly affected by a large number of nutrient elements in the soils and pH. Overall, the distribution areas of Se-rich soils in Bailang County have high soil environmental quality, crops with a high Se content, and great potential for the development of Se-rich plateau characteristic agricultural products.
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