Heavy metal pollution and health risk assessment of groundwater in a typical chemical industry park in northwestern Shandong, China
-
摘要: 为了解鲁西北地区某典型化工园区地下水重金属的污染特征,按照化工园区地下水环境状况调查评估要求,采集10件地下水样品,分析Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb等6项重金属元素浓度及空间分布特征,并对不同人群进行健康风险评价。结果表明:①该化工园区地下水重金属元素浓度均小于《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)中Ⅲ类水质标准,综合污染指数变化范围为0.37~0.68,监测点位重金属元素均为无污染。②重金属元素总体空间分布特征与化工园区内重点企业分布区域基本吻合,说明企业的生产活动等外在因素影响了地下水重金属的空间分布。③儿童的健康风险要低于成人,且皮肤接触途径的健康风险要低于饮用途径。非致癌风险在不同暴露途径下对不同人群均处于可接受水平,致癌物质As和Cd对成人存在轻微的致癌风险。当地主管部门应加强对企业生产活动的监管,对存在疑似污染的企业进行全面排查,才能有效地控制并逐步降低地下水污染对人体造成的健康风险。Abstract: This study aims to ascertain the heavy metal pollution of groundwater in a typical chemical industry park in northwestern Shandong. According to the investigation and evaluation requirements for groundwater environments in chemical industry parks, this study collected 10 groundwater samples to analyze the concentrations and spatial distributions of eight heavy metals, namely Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Cd and Pb. Furthermore, it conducted the health risk assessment of groundwater for different populations. The results indicate that: (1) except Mn and Al, all heavy metals in the groundwater of the chemical industry park showed concentrations lower than the class III water quality standard stated in the Standard for Groundwater Quality (GB/T 14848—2017), with a comprehensive pollution index ranging from 0.37 to 0.78. The monitoring points for heavy metal elements are all pollution-free; (2) the overall spatial distributions of heavy metals are roughly consistent with the distribution areas of key enterprises in the chemical industry park. This consistency indicates that external factors such as the production activities of enterprises affect the spatial distributions of heavy metals in groundwater; (3) the health risks are lower for children than for adults and lower via skin contact than via drinking. The non-carcinogenic risks under different exposure routes are acceptable for different populations. Carcinogens As and Cd have slight carcinogenic risks for adults. Local authorities should strengthen the supervision of the production activities of enterprises and thoroughly inspect enterprises with suspected pollution. Only in this way can we effectively control and then gradually reduce the risks to human health caused by groundwater pollution.
-
Key words:
- heavy metal /
- groundwater /
- spatial distribution /
- health risk /
- chemical industry park
-
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 73
- PDF下载数: 7
- 施引文献: 0
下载: