Multiple suppression in the S-transform domain based on the similarity of seismic signals
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摘要: 多次波压制是海洋地震数据处理的关键,如何保护一次反射波的同时高效准确地识别并压制多次波是地震资料处理的重点。笔者在共中心点(CMP)叠加压制多次波方法的基础上,基于CMP道集地震信号与叠加道地震信号的相似性特征在S变换域进行多次波压制。首先,利用多次波速度动校正并对CMP道集数据减去叠加道数据完成第一次多次波减除,此时,波场中残余的多次波以随机噪声的形式存在;然后,对减除多次波的地震波场应用一次波速度动校正,并以一次波速度叠加道为初始模型对CMP道集S变换谱进行相似性滤波完成第二次残余多次波去除。针对理论数据和实际数据进行了有效性测试,结果表明本文所提方法能够较好地压制多次波,提高反射波的成像精度。Abstract: Multiple suppression is the key to marine seismic data processing.Efficient and accurate identification and suppression of multiples while protecting primary reflected waves is the focus of seismic data processing.This study carried out the multiple suppression in the S-transform domain using the CMP stacking based on the similarity of seismic signals between the common midpoint (CMP) gather and the stack trace.First,the initial multiple subtraction was completed through the normal moveout (NMO) correction of multiple velocity and subtracting the stack trace data from the CMP gather data.As a result,the residual multiples in the wave field exist in the form of random noise.Then,the NMO correction was conducted for the velocity of primary reflected waves of the seismic wave field, for which multiples were subtracted.Afterward,the similarity filtering was conducted for the S-transform spectra of the CMP gather,with the stack trace of the primary reflected wave velocity as the initial model.In this way,the residual multiples were eliminated.The validity tests based on both the theoretical data and the actual data show that the method proposed in this study can efficiently suppress multiples and improve the imaging precision of reflected waves.
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Key words:
- multiple suppression /
- similarity of seismic signals /
- stack trace /
- S-transform /
- filtering
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