Improvement in active-source surface wave acquisition device and its application in subway construction exploration
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摘要: 随着城市的快速发展, 地铁隧道的加速施工, 对隧道掘进前方不良地质体探测的需求越来越迫切。传统的电磁类方法在高电磁干扰的城镇环境中, 难以取得良好的探测效果。主动源面波勘探因抗干扰能力强、采集装置便捷、施工成本低等特点, 在城市浅地表勘察、工程物探中越来越受人们的青睐。而传统的主动源反射地震法仅能采用激发能量有限的重锤作为震源, 且采集信号极易被城市活动干扰, 同时城市柏油或水泥路面不利于检波器的放置以及锤击震源信号的激发, 本文针对这一问题, 分别对检波器装置和震源装置进行了低成本改进, 改进后的面波采集装置使用起来方便高效。经实际工程探测验证, 装置改进后所采集的面波信号能量强、信噪比高, 数据质量好, 反演成像效果好, 揭示的地质缺陷与实际情况对应良好。改进后的采集装置在城市主动源面波勘探中, 具有良好的推广价值和借鉴意义。Abstract: With the rapid development of cities and the accelerated construction of subway tunnels, there is an urgent demand for the detection of unfavorable geological bodies ahead of tunnel excavation.It is difficult for traditional electromagnetic methods to yield excellent detection results in an urban environment with high electromagnetic interference.Active-source surface wave exploration has gained increasing popularity in shallow superficial exploration and engineering geophysical prospecting in cities due to its strong anti-interference, convenient acquisition devices, and low construction cost.However, the traditional active-source reflection seismic method uses only a heavy hammer with limited excitation energy as a seismic source, and the collected signals are prone to be disturbed by urban activities.Meanwhile, the asphalt or cement pavement in urban areas is unfavorable for the placement of geophones and the excitation of seismic signals from a hammer.Given these, this study improved the geophones and seismic source devices at low costs, obtaining a more efficient and user-friendly surface wave acquisition device.As confirmed by practical engineering exploration, the improved device can collect surface-wave signals with strong energy and high signal-to-noise ratios, resulting in high-quality data, desirable inversion and imaging results, and high consistency between the geological defects and actual geological conditions.The improved acquisition device can be extensively promoted and referenced in active-source surface wave exploration in cities.
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