摘要:
玉泉山岩溶水是北京市城市用水的主要水源。玉泉山泉水的补给,多数人认为来源于鲁家滩区、河北镇区以及军庄区岩溶水共同补给。岩溶水从军庄区(含永定河水的渗漏量)到达玉泉山要越过中间九龙山-香峪向斜。目前其向斜内钻孔所揭露的奥陶系碳酸盐岩顶板最大埋深1669 m。就军庄区岩溶水是如何穿越九龙山-香峪向斜并补给玉泉山泉的,目前存在以下两种认识:岩溶含水层导水观点、军庄(永定河)断裂导水的观点。本文通过地质结构、地下水流场、岩溶发育机理以及水质组分含量的分析认为,军庄区岩溶水通过岩溶含水层越过深陷向斜到达玉泉山一带的径流路径存在较大的疑问,进而提出了首先通过上覆永定河松散层潜流过向斜轴部,而后在南部岩溶含水层隆起的红庙岭—八大处背斜轴通过断裂破碎带二次进入岩溶含水层并向玉泉山补给的另一种可能路径。
Abstract:
Karst water of the Yuquanshan is one of the main sources of water supply for the city of Beijing.It is commonly accepted that the the Yuquanshan spring was orinigated from the Lujiatan,Hebei Township and Junzhuang areas.The karst water (including the leakage of the Yongding river)of the Junzhuang area cros-ses the Jiulongshan-Xiangyu syncline before it reaches the Yuquanshan spring.Boreholes drilled in this syn-cline reveal that the maximum depth of the top of the Ordovician carbonate rock is 1,669 m.In respect of how the karst water of the Junzhuang area traversing the Jiulongshan-Xiangyu syncline and recharging Yu-quanshan spring,there are two different points of view.One is the karst aquifer that conducts groundwater at depth,and the other is that the karst water is transmitted by the Junzhuang (Yongding river)fault.Based on analyses of the geological structure,groundwater flow field,the mechanism of karst development and wa-ter quality composition,on the one hand,we question the point that the karst water of the Junzhuang area runs through karst aquifers in deep syncline and arrives the Yuquanshan spring.On the other hand,we sug-gest that there is another possible flow path that firstly the karst water of the Junzhuang area flows through the unconsolidated layers overlying the Yongding river across the synclinal axis.Then in the south via the fault zone the water reenters karst aquifer across the uplift structure in the vicinity of the Hongmiaoling-Ba-dachu anticline axis,which ultimately forms the source of the Yuquanshan spring.
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