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重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价

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鲍丽然, 邓海, 贾中民, 李瑜, 董金秀, 严明书, 张风雷. 2020. 重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1625-1636. doi: 10.12029/gc20200602
引用本文: 鲍丽然, 邓海, 贾中民, 李瑜, 董金秀, 严明书, 张风雷. 2020. 重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1625-1636. doi: 10.12029/gc20200602
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BAO Liran, DENG Hai, JIA Zhongmin, LI Yu, DONG Jinxiu, YAN Mingshu, ZHANG Fenglei. 2020. Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil of northwest Xiushan, Chongqing[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1625-1636. doi: 10.12029/gc20200602
Citation: BAO Liran, DENG Hai, JIA Zhongmin, LI Yu, DONG Jinxiu, YAN Mingshu, ZHANG Fenglei. 2020. Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil of northwest Xiushan, Chongqing[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1625-1636. doi: 10.12029/gc20200602
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重庆秀山西北部农田土壤重金属生态健康风险评价

  • 重庆土地质量地质调查重点实验室, 重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局川东南地质大队, 重庆 400038

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心地调科研项目（WT[2016]-171）和重庆市国土资源和房屋管理局科技项目（KJ-2018034）资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 鲍丽然, 女, 1983年生, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要从事土地质量地球化学评价研究工作; E-mail:blr1999@163.com
    通讯作者: 贾中民, 男, 1978年生, 博士, 正高级工程师, 主要从事土地质量地球化学评价研究工作; E-mail:zhongminjia@163.com

  • 中图分类号: P595;X142

Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soil of northwest Xiushan, Chongqing

  • Chongqing Key Laboratory of Land Quality Geological Survey, Southeast Sichuan Geological Group, Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration, Chongqing 400038, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by Chengdu Geological Survey Center of China Geological Survey Geological Research (No. WT[2016]-171) and Science and Technology Project of Chongqing Land, resources and Housing Administration Bureau (No. KJ-2018034)
More Information
    Author Bio: BAO Lran, female, born in 1983, master, engages in research on geochemistry evaluation of land quality; E-mail:blr1999@163.com .
    Corresponding author: JIA Zhongmin, male, born in 1978, doctor, engages in research on geochemistry evaluation of land quality; E-mail:zhongminjia@163.com

    摘要

  • 为了解矿业活动较多的重庆秀山县西北部农田土壤重金属污染状况，采集了表层土壤样品386件，分析测定As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mn等9种重金属元素，采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法和健康风险评估模型，对该区土壤重金属污染程度、生态风险和健康风险进行评估。结果表明，该区农田土壤9种重金属平均值都高于重庆市土壤背景值，呈现不同程度的积累；Cd、Hg明显超出国家农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，超标率分别为75.2%和44.6%。土壤中Hg污染较严重，处于中污染或重污染状态，Mn、As、Cd总体呈轻污染，其余重金属基本无污染。生态风险评价显示，Hg、Cd为主要生态危害元素，Hg以强、很强和极强风险为主，Cd以中等风险为主。人体健康风险评价显示，儿童更易受到重金属污染威胁，重金属对成人不具有非致癌风险，对儿童具有非致癌风险，As、Cr是主要非致癌因子；成人致癌风险在可接受范围内，个别土壤样对儿童具有致癌风险，As致癌风险最大。

    In order to understand the heavy metal pollution of farmland soil in northwest Xiushan, Chongqing, with quite a lot of mining activities, the authors collected 386 surface soil samples, analyzed and determined the concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn and Mn and evaluated the soil heavy metal pollution level, the ecological risk and health risk by using the geological accumulation index, potential ecological hazard index and health risk assessment model. The results show that the average values of 9 heavy metals in the surrounding soil of Xiushan mining area are higher than the soil background values of Chongqing, showing different degrees of accumulation effect. The concentrations of Cd and Hg significantly exceed the risk screening values for soil contamination of agricultural land, with the over-standard rates of 75.2% and 44.6% respectively. In the soil, Hg pollution is relatively serious, and its pollution level is medium pollution or heavy pollution, Mn, As and Cd are generally light pollution, and the remaining heavy metals are basically pollution-free. The potential ecological hazard index shows that Hg and Cd are the main ecological hazard elements, Hg ecological risk is mainly strong to extremely strong, and Cd ecological risk is mainly medium. The heavy metal health risk assessment results show that children are more susceptible to the heavy metal pollution. There are no significant non-carcinogenic risks for adults, children however show significant non-carcinogenic effect, and As and Cr are major non-carcinogenic factors. The carcinogenic risks for adults are acceptable, individual soil samples have carcinogenic effect on children, and As has a relatively higher carcinogenesis risk.

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  • 图 1  组合样点位示意图

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  研究区土壤重金属分布箱式图

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  研究区土壤生态风险等级分布图

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  成人和儿童土壤8种重金属的HQ贡献率

    Figure 4. 

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    表 1  元素分析方法与检出限(mg·kg-1)

    Table 1.  The element analysis methods and detection limit (mg·kg-1)

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    表 2  地累积指数污染程度划分标准

    Table 2.  Igeo index and the criteria of pollution grade

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    表 3  Hakanson潜在生态危害评价指标

    Table 3.  Indices used to assess the potential ecological risk status

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    表 4  重金属健康风险暴露参数

    Table 4.  Exposure parameters for the heavy metals

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    表 5  重金属不同暴露途径参考计量和致癌斜率因子

    Table 5.  Reference dose and slope factor of heavy metals to different exposed ways

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    表 6  研究区表层土壤重金属含量特征(mg·kg-1)

    Table 6.  Concentrations distribution of heavy metals in the study area

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    表 7  土壤重金属污染地累积指数分级

    Table 7.  The classification of heavy metals in the soil based on the Igeo

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    表 8  土壤重金属的潜在生态危害指数统计

    Table 8.  Potential ecological risk coefficient for every heavy metal in the soil

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    表 9  土壤重金属非致癌平均日暴露量(10-8 mg·kg-1·d-1)

    Table 9.  Non-carcinogenic average daily exposure doses of heavy metals in the soil

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    表 10  土壤As、Cd、Cr、Ni元素致癌平均日暴露量(10-8 mg·kg-1·d-1)

    Table 10.  Carcinogenic average daily exposure doses of As, Cd, Cr and Ni in the soil

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    表 11  土壤重金属非致癌健康风险指数（10-4）

    Table 11.  Non-carcinogenic health risk index of heavy metals in the soil

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    表 12  土壤重金属As、Cd、Cr、Ni致癌健康风险指数（10-8）

    Table 12.  Carcinogenic health risk index of heavy metals(As, Cd, Cr, Ni) in the soil

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收稿日期:  2018-09-23
修回日期:  2018-11-25
刊出日期:  2020-12-25

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