CORRELATION BETWEEN THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEEP FOUR-LEVEL FAULT AND THE IMPORTANT MINERAL DEPOSITS IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE
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摘要: 贵州位于扬子陆块、江南造山带、右江造山带的复合部位，自新元古代以来，发生了多次重要的构造伸展运动和构造挤压变形。晚古生代之后的沉积活动，掩盖了早期地质构造形迹。多位学者曾对贵州的深部断裂进行过推断，但由于资料不足、认识差异等原因，研究存在局限和争议。在充分借鉴已有研究成果的基础上，通过综合应用重力、航磁、地质等资料，提取了贵州深部四级断裂构造体系。所推测的贵州深部Ⅰ级断裂3条，呈"H型"结构；Ⅱ级断裂15条、Ⅲ级断裂12条，基底断裂若干条，这些断裂均在上一级断裂的基础上发展演化。根据人工地震剖面资料，进一步验证了5条深部Ⅰ至Ⅲ级断裂的展布特征，发现这些断裂沿不同倾向延伸、切割深度达6~12km，为切穿沉积盖层和基底的深大断裂。结合四级断裂构造体系及贵州省内重要矿产的分布，提出贵州金、铅锌、锑、锰、磷、铝土矿分布与Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级深部断裂构造具有空间联系。Abstract: Guizhou Province is located at the convergent parts of the Yangtze Plate, Jiangnan Orogen and Youjiang Orogen. Several major tectonic extensions and structural deformation due to tectonic compressions have taken place since the Neoproterozoic Era. However, the sedimentation that occurred after the late Paleozoic Era had covered those early geological structures. Studies on the deduction of the deep fractures in Guizhou Province by several authors are still limited in scope and controversial due to the insufficient data and differences in perception. In this paper, the deep four-level fault in Guizhou Province was classified with a combined application of gravity, aeromagnetic survey technologies, and geological data, which is supported strongly by the existing studies. According to the deduced results, other than the three pieces of deep Level Ⅰ fractures, which had "H-shaped" structures, 15 pieces of Level Ⅱ fractures, 12 pieces of Level Ⅲ fractures, and several pieces of basement fractures were also found. It was also deduced that each of the said fractures was resulted by the development of the fracture-level right above it. According to the artificial seismic profile, the distribution characteristics of five of the fault pieces from Level Ⅰ to Ⅲ have been tested further. The results showed that those fractures were extended to different directions and the cutting depth had reached 6~12 km. To conclude, the fractures' profile as deep fractures, which cut through the sedimentary mantle and basement, had been confirmed. Furthermore, combining the knowledge of the four-level fault and the distribution of important mineral deposits in Guizhou Province, a deduction was put forward, wherein a spatial correlation that linked the distribution of the gold, lead and zinc, antimony, manganese, phosphorus, and bauxite ores in Guizhou Province with the Level Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ deep fractures might have existed.
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Key words:
- gradient zone /
- deep fault /
- basement fault /
- important mineral /
- Guizhou
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