Study on the mechanism of deep and large fracture propagation and transfixion in karst slope under the action of mining
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摘要:
岩溶坡体裂隙的扩展贯通是造成坡体失稳破坏的重要因素。为研究采动作用下高陡岩溶坡体随裂隙扩展贯通的失稳破坏机理，采用离散元（Universal Distinct Element Code，UDEC）数值模拟，研究了采动作用下坡体裂隙的发展规律。研究结果表明：采动作用对岩溶坡体的稳定性具有重要的影响作用，主要表现在煤层上覆岩体新生裂隙的发育以及诱发坡体原有裂隙的扩展；坡体内部裂隙的发育具有一定的时空效应，裂隙带高度随着采空区范围的增加而增加；坡体原有深大裂隙对坡体的破坏具有控制作用，坡体破坏时崩滑体沿着主控裂隙发生滑动；二维模型显示，含深大裂隙岩溶坡体在采动作用下形成类似"悬臂梁结构"，悬臂梁结构沿着主控裂隙发生断裂，坡体中间软岩被挤出，最终主控裂隙与临空面扩展贯通，坡体发生崩塌破坏。
Abstract:In order to study the failure mechanism of the high and steep karst slope under the action of mining,the development law of the slope fracture under the action of mining is studied by using the numerical simulation of universal distinct element code (UDEC). The results show that the mining action has an important influence on the stability of karst slope,which is mainly manifested in the development of new fissures in the overlying rock mass of the coal seam and the expansion and connection of the original fissures in the slope body; the development of the internal fissures in the slope body has a certain time-space effect,and the height of the fracture zone increases with the extension of the mined-out area; the original deep fissures in the slope body have certain damage on the slope body. Under the control action,when the slope is damaged,the landslide body will slide along the main control fracture; under the two-dimensional condition,the karst slope body with deep and large fracture will form a similar "cantilever beam structure" under the action of mining,the cantilever beam structure will break along the main control fracture,the soft rock in the middle of the slope body will be extruded,and finally the main fracture and the free face will expand and connect,and the slope body will collapse.
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Key words:
- karst slope /
- fracture /
- UDEC /
- goaf /
- mining
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表 1 岩体物理力学参数表
Table 1. Physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass
岩性 密度/(kg·m-3) 体积模量/GPa 剪切模量/GPa 粘聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗拉强度/MPa 灰岩 2700 31.28 17.53 8.16 45 2.90 泥灰岩 2450 25.62 14.76 6.53 39 1.60 泥质粉砂岩 2600 21.47 11.52 4.29 34 1.40 粉砂质泥岩 2500 18.21 9.84 5.89 30 1.50 煤层 1350 4.00 2.50 0.52 48 0.31 
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表 2 结构面物理力学参数表
Table 2. Physical and mechanical parameters of the structural surface
结构面类型 法向刚度系数/GPa 切向刚度系数/GPa 粘聚力/MPa 内摩擦角/(°) 抗拉强度/MPa 煤层交界面 2.6 2.7 0.7 14 0.12 其他岩层交界面 28.0 28.0 1.3 24 0.16 岩体节理 32.0 32.0 0.8 19 0.24 断层 31.0 34.0 0.5 16 0.00
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