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西藏冈底斯中段南缘叶巴岩群膝折构造及其地质意义

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西洛郎杰, 王根厚, 曾庆高, 冯翼鹏, 次旦, 韩宁, 张培烈, 魏延嵩, 王伟屹. 2022. 西藏冈底斯中段南缘叶巴岩群膝折构造及其地质意义. 地质力学学报, 28(3): 338-352. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021163
引用本文: 西洛郎杰, 王根厚, 曾庆高, 冯翼鹏, 次旦, 韩宁, 张培烈, 魏延嵩, 王伟屹. 2022. 西藏冈底斯中段南缘叶巴岩群膝折构造及其地质意义. 地质力学学报, 28(3): 338-352. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021163
shu
XILUO Langjie, WANG Genhou, ZENG Qinggao, FENG Yipeng, Cidan, HAN Ning, ZHANG Peilie, WEI Yansong, WANG Weiyi. 2022. The kinks of the Yeba Group in the southern margin of the central Gangdese of Tibet and its geological significance. Journal of Geomechanics, 28(3): 338-352. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021163
Citation: XILUO Langjie, WANG Genhou, ZENG Qinggao, FENG Yipeng, Cidan, HAN Ning, ZHANG Peilie, WEI Yansong, WANG Weiyi. 2022. The kinks of the Yeba Group in the southern margin of the central Gangdese of Tibet and its geological significance. Journal of Geomechanics, 28(3): 338-352. doi: 10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2021163
shu

西藏冈底斯中段南缘叶巴岩群膝折构造及其地质意义

  • 1.

    西藏自治区地质矿产开发勘查局, 西藏 拉萨 850000

  • 2.

    中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083

  • 3.

    西藏自治区地质矿产开发勘查局第六地质大队, 西藏 拉萨 851400

  • 基金项目:
    西藏地勘局局管专项科研资金项目（42172259）；国家自然科学基金项目（1212011221115）
详细信息
    作者简介: 西洛郎杰(1973—)男, 高级工程师, 从事区域地质调查和矿产勘查工作。E-mail: 741387328@qq.com
    通讯作者: 王根厚(1963—), 男, 教授, 博士研究生导师, 从事构造地质学和区域构造研究。E-mail: wgh@cugb.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: P548

The kinks of the Yeba Group in the southern margin of the central Gangdese of Tibet and its geological significance

  • 1.

    Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China

  • 2.

    School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

  • 3.

    No. 6 Geological Team, Geological and Mineral Exploration and Development Bureau of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 851400, Tibet, China

  • Fund Project: This study is finacially supported by the Specialized Scientific Research Fund of Geological and Mineral Exploration Development Bureau of Tibet Autonomous Region (Grant No.42172259) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.1212011221115)
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    摘要

  • 位于冈底斯南缘的叶巴岩群内发育着复杂的构造变形，是典型的构造转换带，已有证据表明这些复杂的构造变形与发育在叶巴岩群中的驱龙、甲玛等大型矿床的形成密切相关，其中大量发育的膝折构造是脆-韧性转换构造带中的代表。此次研究工作的主要对象为叶巴岩群内部的膝折构造，研究其分布特征、变形及扩容方式，分析其运动学特征及温度环境，结合构造变形时代探究其形成的大地构造背景。绿泥石温度计及方解石e双晶特征实验结果显示研究区膝折构造形成温度环境在170~299℃之间，表明研究区膝折构造形成的过程伴随着构造抬升。根据宏观露头及显微视域对于膝折构造的运动学特征分析，判断主压应力方向为自上而下（铅直向下），这一以垂向挤压的重力为主的主应力方向与该时期的冈底斯南缘大规模南北向滑覆构造的主压应力一致，研究结果认为发育于叶巴岩群内部的浅部膝折构造为25 Ma以来南拉萨地体伸展滑覆构造背景之下的变形作用的产物。

    The Yeba Group, located in the southern margin of Gangdese, is a typical structural transition zone with complex multistage structural deformations. Previous evidence has shown that these complex structural deformations are related to the Qulong and Jiama deposits developed in the Yeba Group. Kinks therein are a representative of structural deformation in the brittle-ductile structural transition zone. Their deformation and distribution characteristics, kinematic features and temperature environment are the focus of this study, so as to explore the tectonic background. The results from the chlorite thermometer and calcite e-twins characteristics show that the temperature is between 170℃~299℃ for the formation of the kinks in the study area, indicating a tectonic uplift during the formation process. According to the kinematic analysis of the kinks based on field outcrops and BSE-based images, it is inferred that the principal compressive stress is top-down (vertically downward), which is consistent with the principal compressive stress of the large-scale NS-trending gliding nappes in the southern margin of Gangdese during that period. Combined with the results of the relative chronological analysis, we believe that the kinks developed in the Yeba Group are the product of brittle-ductile deformation under the extension of the southern Lhasa terrane since 25 Ma.

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  • 图 1  拉萨地体大地构造位置图及研究区地质图

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  叶巴岩群膝折轴面及枢纽产状图

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  膝折构造宏观特征

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  共轭膝折带及尖棱褶皱

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  膝折构造显微构造特征(照片均为单偏光下X-Z面定向薄片)

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  膝折带内外岩层顺层滑动对膝折带内、外角关系的效果图

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  膝折扩容类型

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  不同温度下方解石e双晶不同类型的显微示意图(据Ferrill et al., 2004修改)

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  绿泥石变种分类图解

    Figure 9. 

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    图 10  BSE视域及显微尺度下的电子探针点位图

    Figure 10. 

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    图 11  方解石e双晶显微照片(正交偏光，X-Z面)

    Figure 11. 

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    图 12  藏南碰撞带结构构造剖面图(据赵文津等，2016修改)

    Figure 12. 

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    表 1  绿泥石电子探针数据和主要参数计算结果

    Table 1.  Electron probe data of chlorite and calculation results of main parameters

    样品号 D2083-Db-1-1 D2083-Db2-1-2 D2083-Db2-1-3 D2083-Db2-1-4 D2083-Db2-1-5 D3053-Db1-1-1 D3053-Db1-1-2 D3053-Db1-1-3 D3053-Db1-1-4 D3053-Db1-1-5 D3053-Db1-1-6 D3053-Db1-1-7
    单位：%
    SiO2 26.22 25.81 25.69 25.46 24.35 27.67 27.89 27.26 26.96 26.91 26.23 27.55
    TiO2 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00
    Al2O3 16.37 15.31 17.33 16.25 15.30 15.84 16.01 15.48 15.61 15.46 14.89 15.99
    Cr2O3 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.08 0.18 0.17 0.00 0.11 0.14 0.02
    FeOT 37.36 37.19 37.59 38.29 37.62 29.13 29.14 29.26 28.54 29.08 29.07 28.39
    MnO 0.25 0.33 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.83 1.08 1.00 0.98 0.93 0.97 1.00
    MgO 6.29 7.10 6.01 5.67 5.74 12.75 12.76 12.60 12.66 12.35 12.17 12.81
    CaO 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.07 0.01
    Na2O 0.10 0.08 0.19 0.00 0.17 0.02 0.13 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02
    K2O 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01
    Total 86.83 85.97 87.25 86.02 83.65 86.45 87.29 85.94 84.95 85.00 83.59 85.81
    单位：×10-6
    Si 5.99 5.98 5.85 5.92 5.86 6.07 6.06 6.04 6.02 6.03 6.00 6.07
    Ti 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
    Al 4.41 4.18 4.65 4.45 4.34 4.10 4.10 4.04 4.11 4.08 4.02 4.15
    Cr 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.00
    Fe3+ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
    Fe2+ 7.14 7.20 7.16 7.44 7.57 5.34 5.30 5.42 5.33 5.45 5.56 5.23
    Mn 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.15 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.19
    Mg 2.14 2.45 2.04 1.96 2.06 4.17 4.13 4.16 4.22 4.12 4.15 4.21
    Ca 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.00
    Na 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01
    K 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
    Total 19.83 19.95 19.86 19.85 20.00 19.88 19.90 19.94 19.93 19.93 19.99 19.86
    单位：℃
    AlIV 2.01 2.02 2.15 2.08 2.14 1.93 1.94 1.96 1.98 1.97 2.00 1.93
    AlVI 2.40 2.16 2.50 2.37 2.20 2.16 2.16 2.08 2.14 2.11 2.02 2.22
    T1 230.87 232.25 246.15 238.52 245.09 222.72 223.47 225.76 227.54 226.86 229.60 222.83
    T2 287.94 287.62 303.90 297.23 303.42 264.39 265.14 267.74 268.97 269.09 272.10 263.95
    T3 261.37 263.48 284.59 273.00 282.98 249.00 250.14 253.62 256.32 255.29 259.45 249.17
    T4 275.84 277.19 299.13 288.06 297.78 256.96 258.09 261.67 264.11 263.43 267.67 256.89
    注：AlIV—四次配位的Al原子数；AlVI—六次配位的Al原子数；T1-T4—公式(1)-(4)计算
    下载: 导出CSV
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