松嫩平原齐齐哈尔地区拜泉县地表基质特征及其古环境恢复

邵兴坤; 侯红星; 任柄璋; 时凌峰; 詹泽东; 西广越; 李俊华; 曹龙宇; 高远

doi:10.12097/gbc.2023.08.039

松嫩平原齐齐哈尔地区拜泉县地表基质特征及其古环境恢复

中国地质调查局廊坊自然资源综合调查中心, 河北廊坊 065000

基金项目: 中国地质调查局项目《松嫩平原齐齐哈尔地区黑土地地表基质调查》（编号：DD20220855）

详细信息

作者简介: 邵兴坤（1985− ），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事地表基质调查和区域地质矿产调查。E-mail：740703590@qq.com

通讯作者: 侯红星（1975− ），男，博士，正高级工程师，从事区域地质矿产调查和自然资源调查。E−mail：wjhjhhx@163.com

中图分类号: P622⁺.1; P96

收稿日期: 2023-08-27

修回日期: 2023-12-10

刊出日期: 2024-09-15

Sedimentary characteristics analysis and paleoenvironmental restoration of the ground substrate in Baiquan County, Qiqihar area, Songnen Plain

Langfang Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, CGS, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China

More Information

Corresponding author: HOU Hongxing, wjhjhhx@163.com

Received Date: 27 August 2023

Revised Date: 10 December 2023

Publish Date: 15 September 2024

摘要

摘要:
地表基质是自然资源管理的全新概念，是支撑孕育各类自然资源的基础物质。加强地表基质沉积环境分析和古环境恢复对研究其形成机制具有重要意义。通过对松嫩平原拜泉地区50 m以浅地表基质沉积特征和沉积环境剖析，并结合全芯粘土矿物、碳酸盐、磁化率、碳元素数据分析，认为研究区垂向上分布了16层土质基质，由深至浅呈现湖相沉积→陆域风成相→草甸相过渡沉积演化特点，深层湖相沉积具有滨湖相沉积、堤岸相沉积、滨湖相多旋回沉积特点；其中深层滨湖相和堤岸相沉积物形成于寒冷极干燥环境，中深层湖相沉积物形成于温暖湿润环境，浅表层草甸相和风成相沉积物形成于较干冷环境。综合前人资料和¹⁴C、光释光、ESR测年结果，将研究区沉积演化阶段划分为早更新世晚期—中更新世早期干冷沉积阶段、中更新世中晚期温暖的湖相沉积阶段、晚更新世—早全新世风成黄土沉积阶段、中晚全新世以来黑土沉积阶段。
- 松嫩平原 /
- 地表基质 /
- 拜泉地区 /
- 沉积环境 /
- 古环境恢复
Abstract:
Ground substrate is a new concept in natural resource management, which is the fundamental material supporting the breeding of various natural resources. Strengthening the analysis of ground substrate sedimentary environment and the restoration of paleoenvironment is of great significance for studying its formation mechanism. This article analyzes the sedimentary characteristics and the sedimentary environment of a 50 m shallow ground substrate, based on the data of full core clay minerals, carbonates, magnetic susceptibility, and carbon elements. The research results indicate that there are 16 layers of soil substrate vertically distributed in the study area, exhibiting a transitional sedimentary evolution from deep to shallow, characterized by lacustrine sedimentation → continental eolian facies → meadow facies.The deep lakeside facies and embankment sediments are formed in cold and extremely dry environments, the middle deep lake sediments are formed in warm and humid environments, and the shallow surface meadow and aeolian sediments are formed in relatively dry and cold environments. Based on previous data and ¹⁴C, photoluminescence and ESR dating results, the sedimentary evolution stage of the study area is divided into the late Early Pleistocene to early Middle Pleistocene dry cold sedimentary stage, the warm lacustrine sedimentary stage in the middle and late Middle Pleistocene, the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene eolian loess sedimentary stage and the black soil sedimentary stage in the Middle and Late Holocene.
- Songnen Plain /
- ground substrate /
- Baiquan area /
- sedimentary environment /
- paleoenvironmental restoration

HTML全文

图 1 拜泉县地表基质垂向构型及BQZK05位置图

Figure 1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 BQZK05岩性沉积相图

Figure 2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 BQZK05粘土矿物含量对比图

Figure 3.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 BQZK05碳酸盐和磁化率含量对比图

Figure 4.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 BQZK05全碳（TC）和有机碳（Corg）含量对比图

Figure 5.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 BQZK05 ESR剂量响应曲线

Figure 6.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 BQZK05粘土矿物分析测试结果

Table 1. Analysis and testing results of clay minerals in BQZK05 soil core

样品名称	粘土矿物相对含量/%				混层比/%			采样深度/m	沉积相	样品名称	粘土矿物相对含量/%				混层比/%			采样深度/m	沉积相
样品名称	S	I/S	It	Kao	I/S	It	S	采样深度/m	沉积相	样品名称	S	I/S	It	Kao	I/S	It	S	采样深度/m	沉积相
BQZK05—N1	—	92	5	3	55	90	2	0.5	黑色粘质壤土，草甸相	BQZK05—N26	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	25.5	黑色粉砂质粘土，浅湖相
BQZK05—N2	—	93	4	3	55	91	2	1.5	（暗）黄色壤质粘土，风成相；呈现出干湿交替的沉积环境	BQZK05—N27	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	26.5
BQZK05—N3	—	93	5	2	50	91	2	2.5		BQZK05—N28	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	27.5
BQZK05—N4	—	94	4	2	55	92	2	3.5		BQZK05—N29	98	—	1	1	—	—	—	28.5
BQZK05—N5	—	94	5	1	60	92	2	4.5		BQZK05—N30	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	29.5
BQZK05—N6	97	—	3	—	—	—	—	5.5	暗绿色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N31	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	30.5
BQZK05—N7	99	—	1	—	—	—	—	6.5	暗绿色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N32	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	31.5
BQZK05—N8	99	—	1	—	—	—	—	7.5	绿灰色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N33	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	32.5
BQZK05—N9	98	—	2	—	—	—	—	8.5	灰色壤质粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N34	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	33.5
BQZK05—N10	98	—	2	—	—	—	—	9.5	青灰色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N35	98	—	1	1	—	—	—	34.5
BQZK05—N11	95	—	3	2	—	—	—	10.5	浅青灰色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N36	96	—	3	1	—	—	—	35.5
BQZK05—N12	96	—	3	1	—	—	—	11.5		BQZK05—N37	98	—	1	1	—	—	—	36.5	青灰色砂质粘土，滨湖相
BQZK05—N13	95	—	3	2	—	—	—	12.5		BQZK05—N38	98	—	1	1	—	—	—	37.5	青灰色砂质粘土，滨湖相
BQZK05—N14	96	—	3	1	—	—	—	13.5	浅灰黑色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N39	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	38.5	深青灰色粘质砂土，滨湖相
BQZK05—N15	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	14.5	浅灰黑色粘土，滨湖相	BQZK05—N40	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	39.5
BQZK05—N16	96	—	3	1	—	—	—	15.5	灰黑色粘土，浅湖相	BQZK05—N41	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	40.5
BQZK05—N17	98	—	1	1	—	—	—	16.5		BQZK05—N42	94	—	4	2	—	—	—	41.5
BQZK05—N18	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	17.5		BQZK05—N43	—	93	5	2	65	92	1	42.5	砖红色粘土，氧化环境，堤岸相
BQZK05—N19	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	18.5	青灰色粘土与砂质粘土互层，浅湖相	BQZK05—N44	—	92	6	2	65	91	1	43.5
BQZK05—N20	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	19.5		BQZK05—N45	—	93	5	2	65	92	1	44.5
BQZK05—N21	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	20.5		BQZK05—N46	—	93	5	2	65	92	1	45.5	青灰色粉砂质粘土，滨湖相
BQZK05—N22	96	—	2	2	—	—	—	21.5		BQZK05—N47	—	89	8	3	65	88	1	46.5
BQZK05—N23	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	22.5		BQZK05—N48	—	92	5	3	65	91	1	47.5
BQZK05—N24	97	—	2	1	—	—	—	23.5		BQZK05—N49	—	84	13	3	55	82	2	48.5
BQZK05—N25	97	—	1	2	—	—	—	24.5	黑色粉砂质粘土，浅湖相	BQZK05—N50	—	88	9	3	50	86	2	49.5
注：S—蒙脱石；It—伊利石；I/S—伊蒙混层；Kao—高岭石

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 BQZK05粘土矿物(S+I/S)/(It+C)值

Table 2. Clay mineral (S+I/S)/(It+C) value of BQZK05 soil core

深度范围/m	沉积相	（S+I/S）/（It+C）平均值	土质类型
0~1	草甸相	22.48	黑色壤土
1~5	风成相	22.48	黄色壤质粘土
5~42	湖相	55.36	青灰色砂质粘土
42~44.7	堤岸相	16.78	红色粘土
44.7~50	滨湖相	8.12	青灰色粉砂质粘土

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 BQZK05碳酸盐和磁化率分析测试结果

Table 3. Analysis and test results of carbonate and magnetic susceptibility of BQZK05 soil core

序号	样品野外编号	取样深度/m	碳酸盐含量/%	容积磁化率/ 10⁻³SI	序号	样品野外编号	取样深度/m	碳酸盐含量/%	容积磁化率/ 10⁻³SI
1	BQZK05—T1	0	0.08187	0.0187	120	BQZK05—T127	25.2	0.05718	0.0189
2	BQZK05—T2	0.2	0.09452	0.0242	121	BQZK05—T129	25.6	0.04858	0.0113
3	BQZK05—T3	0.4	0.08037	0.021	122	BQZK05—T130	25.8	0.0474	0.0121
4	BQZK05—T4	0.6	0.07445	0.0154	123	BQZK05—T131	26	0.03968	0.0156
5	BQZK05—T5	0.8	0.07248	0.0187	124	BQZK05—T132	26.2	0.06624	0.0265
6	BQZK05—T6	1	0.06753	0.0267	125	BQZK05—T133	26.4	0.07414	0.0136
7	BQZK05—T7	1.2	0.07092	0.0265	126	BQZK05—T134	26.6	0.04965	0.0117
8	BQZK05—T8	1.4	0.06307	0.0278	127	BQZK05—T135	26.8	0.09577	0.0118
9	BQZK05—T9	1.6	0.07214	0.0171	128	BQZK05—T136	27	0.04623	0.0162
10	BQZK05—T10	1.8	0.0715	0.026	129	BQZK05—T137	27.2	0.04147	0.0119
11	BQZK05—T11	2	0.08178	0.0258	130	BQZK05—T138	27.4	0.04868	0.0134
12	BQZK05—T12	2.2	0.0742	0.0312	131	BQZK05—T139	27.6	0.08306	0.0147
13	BQZK05—T13	2.4	0.07223	0.0385	132	BQZK05—T141	28	0.04974	0.0138
14	BQZK05—T15	2.8	0.08766	0.0335	133	BQZK05—T142	28.2	0.04841	0.0183
15	BQZK05—T16	3	0.07613	0.0221	134	BQZK05—T143	28.4	0.04953	0.0133
16	BQZK05—T17	3.2	0.07624	0.0324	135	BQZK05—T144	28.6	0.0495	0.0213
17	BQZK05—T18	3.4	0.06809	0.0251	136	BQZK05—T145	28.8	0.03628	0.0151
18	BQZK05—T19	3.6	0.04993	0.0253	137	BQZK05—T146	29	0.0318	0.0144
19	BQZK05—T20	3.8	0.0615	0.0288	138	BQZK05—T147	29.2	0.04972	0.013
20	BQZK05—T21	4	0.06532	0.0198	139	BQZK05—T148	29.4	0.07752	0.0144
21	BQZK05—T22	4.2	0.05669	0.0215	140	BQZK05—T149	29.6	0.07143	0.0336
22	BQZK05—T23	4.4	0.06446	0.0218	141	BQZK05—T150	29.8	0.05256	0.0094
23	BQZK05—T24	4.6	0.06623	0.0179	142	BQZK05—T151	30	0.03769	0.0159
24	BQZK05—T25	4.8	0.05216	0.0193	143	BQZK05—T152	30.2	0.03401	0.0159
25	BQZK05—T26	5	0.06994	0.0196	144	BQZK05—T153	30.4	0.03096	0.0154
26	BQZK05—T27	5.2	0.08359	0.0157	145	BQZK05—T154	30.6	0.03802	0.0105
27	BQZK05—T28	5.4	0.08037	0.013	146	BQZK05—T155	30.8	0.03846	0.0153
28	BQZK05—T29	5.6	0.08308	0.0123	147	BQZK05—T156	31	0.04695	0.0198
29	BQZK05—T30	5.8	0.07121	0.011	148	BQZK05—T157	31.2	0.03949	0.0133
30	BQZK05—T31	6	0.08116	0.0079	149	BQZK05—T158	31.4	0.03893	0.024
31	BQZK05—T32	6.2	0.08696	0.0047	150	BQZK05—T159	31.6	0.05506	0.0135
32	BQZK05—T33	6.4	0.10246	0.0092	151	BQZK05—T160	31.8	0.03627	0.0142
33	BQZK05—T34	6.6	0.10174	0.0104	152	BQZK05—T161	32	0.05932	0.0171
34	BQZK05—T35	6.8	0.1125	0.0097	153	BQZK05—T162	32.2	0.03907	0.0208
35	BQZK05—T36	7	0.12154	0.0132	154	BQZK05—T163	32.4	0.04404	0.0169
36	BQZK05—T37	7.2	0.0765	0.0145	155	BQZK05—T164	32.6	0.05348	0.014
37	BQZK05—T38	7.4	0.07269	0.0163	156	BQZK05—T165	32.8	0.05706	0.0073
38	BQZK05—T39	7.6	0.0763	0.0123	157	BQZK05—T166	33	0.04802	0.0187
39	BQZK05—T40	7.8	0.06793	0.0153	158	BQZK05—T167	33.2	0.04162	0.0143
40	BQZK05—T42	8.2	0.04926	0.0149	159	BQZK05—T168	33.4	0.09873	0.0205
41	BQZK05—T43	8.4	0.05867	0.016	160	BQZK05—T169	33.6	0.04872	0.013
42	BQZK05—T44	8.6	0.05875	0.0146	161	BQZK05—T170	33.8	0.0423	0.0109
43	BQZK05—T45	8.8	0.04094	0.0132	162	BQZK05—T171	34	0.04282	0.0101
44	BQZK05—T46	9	0.05074	0.0163	163	BQZK05—T172	34.2	0.05058	0.0146
45	BQZK05—T47	9.2	0.06483	0.0082	164	BQZK05—T173	34.4	0.03251	0.0174
46	BQZK05—T48	9.4	0.06191	0.0099	165	BQZK05—T174	34.6	0.05292	0.0116
47	BQZK05—T49	9.6	0.03686	0.0138	166	BQZK05—T175	34.8	0.07484	0.0113
48	BQZK05—T53	10.4	0.05287	0.0145	167	BQZK05—T176	35	0.05563	0.0108
49	BQZK05—T54	10.6	0.05241	0.016	168	BQZK05—T177	35.2	0.03746	0.0134
50	BQZK05—T55	10.8	0.05353	0.0139	169	BQZK05—T178	35.4	0.06499	0.0157
51	BQZK05—T56	11	0.03067	0.0167	170	BQZK05—T179	35.6	0.05974	0.0158
52	BQZK05—T57	11.2	0.03187	0.0138	171	BQZK05—T180	35.8	0.04731	0.0121
53	BQZK05—T58	11.4	0.04093	0.0139	172	BQZK05—T181	36	0.0497	0.0204
54	BQZK05—T59	11.6	0.05034	0.0128	173	BQZK05—T182	36.2	0.06745	0.0141
55	BQZK05—T60	11.8	0.04718	0.014	174	BQZK05—T183	36.4	0.0022	0.022
56	BQZK05—T61	12	0.03255	0.0156	175	BQZK05—T184	36.6	0.07237	0.0189
57	BQZK05—T62	12.2	0.04645	0.0138	176	BQZK05—T185	36.8	0.08179	0.0187
58	BQZK05—T63	12.4	0.03239	0.0063	177	BQZK05—T187	37.2	0.08495	0.0171
59	BQZK05—T64	12.6	0.04691	0.0153	178	BQZK05—T188	37.4	0.04532	0.0176
60	BQZK05—T65	12.8	0.05046	0.0142	179	BQZK05—T189	37.6	0.04167	0.0191
61	BQZK05—T66	13	0.03747	0.0156	180	BQZK05—T190	37.8	0.04172	0.0132
62	BQZK05—T67	13.2	0.03747	0.0154	181	BQZK05—T191	38	0.04143	0.0148
63	BQZK05—T68	13.4	0.0486	0.0165	182	BQZK05—T192	38.2	0.07402	0.0133
64	BQZK05—T69	13.6	0.05192	0.0119	183	BQZK05—T193	38.4	0.13072	0.0112
65	BQZK05—T70	13.8	0.03571	0.0165	184	BQZK05—T194	38.6	0.04932	0.0083
66	BQZK05—T71	14	0.04609	0.0134	185	BQZK05—T195	38.8	0.04161	0.0116
67	BQZK05—T72	14.2	0.04325	0.014	186	BQZK05—T196	39	0.03458	0.0207
68	BQZK05—T73	14.4	0.03928	0.0134	187	BQZK05—T197	39.2	0.04069	0.0077
69	BQZK05—T74	14.6	0.04318	0.0148	188	BQZK05—T198	39.4	0.06651	0.0063
70	BQZK05—T76	15	0.03728	0.0158	189	BQZK05—T199	39.6	0.0362	0.0122
71	BQZK05—T77	15.2	0.02712	0.0122	190	BQZK05—T200	39.8	0.03146	0.0123
72	BQZK05—T78	15.4	0.01563	0.0145	191	BQZK05—T201	40	0.03679	0.0139
73	BQZK05—T79	15.6	0.01494	0.0168	192	BQZK05—T202	40.2	0.03789	0.0114
74	BQZK05—T80	15.8	0.03748	0.0159	193	BQZK05—T203	40.4	0.03663	0.0168
75	BQZK05—T81	16	0.04136	0.0124	194	BQZK05—T204	40.6	0.03444	0.0185
76	BQZK05—T82	16.2	0.03769	0.0126	195	BQZK05—T205	40.8	0.03037	0.0155
77	BQZK05—T83	16.4	0.06501	0.0165	196	BQZK05—T206	41	0.03008	0.0176
78	BQZK05—T84	16.6	0.04946	0.0118	197	BQZK05—T207	41.2	0.02439	0.0135
79	BQZK05—T85	16.8	0.03919	0.0172	198	BQZK05—T208	41.4	0.02825	0.0348
80	BQZK05—T86	17	0.0468	0.0142	199	BQZK05—T209	41.6	0.04408	0.0183
81	BQZK05—T87	17.2	0.05327	0.012	200	BQZK05—T210	41.8	0.04371	0.0185
82	BQZK05—T88	17.4	0.03888	0.0122	201	BQZK05—T213	42.4	0.12473	0.0224
83	BQZK05—T89	17.6	0.04577	0.0131	202	BQZK05—T214	42.6	0.18772	0.0293
84	BQZK05—T90	17.8	0.05091	0.0196	203	BQZK05—T216	43	0.06943	0.0867
85	BQZK05—T91	18	0.05431	0.0152	204	BQZK05—T217	43.2	0.06006	0.0358
86	BQZK05—T92	18.2	0.02718	0.0149	205	BQZK05—T218	43.4	0.04901	0.0404
87	BQZK05—T93	18.4	0.04529	0.0197	206	BQZK05—T219	43.6	0.04772	0.0431
88	BQZK05—T94	18.6	0.02358	0.0104	207	BQZK05—T220	43.8	0.0698	0.0468
89	BQZK05—T95	18.8	0.03307	0.0122	208	BQZK05—T221	44	0.07933	0.0358
90	BQZK05—T96	19	0.02473	0.0122	209	BQZK05—T222	44.2	0.06452	0.043
91	BQZK05—T97	19.2	0.03255	0.0071	210	BQZK05—T223	44.4	0.07757	0.0419
92	BQZK05—T98	19.4	0.03242	0.0129	211	BQZK05—T224	44.6	0.0824	0.034
93	BQZK05—T99	19.6	0.04491	0.013	212	BQZK05—T225	44.8	0.10504	0.0347
94	BQZK05—T100	19.8	0.04137	0.0132	213	BQZK05—T226	45	0.08475	0.0247
95	BQZK05—T101	20	0.03135	0.0139	214	BQZK05—T227	45.2	0.09417	0.026
96	BQZK05—T102	20.2	0.03442	0.0164	215	BQZK05—T228	45.4	0.0996	0.0255
97	BQZK05—T103	20.4	0.04975	0.0194	216	BQZK05—T229	45.6	0.07424	0.0258
98	BQZK05—T104	20.6	0.03728	0.0168	217	BQZK05—T230	45.8	0.09405	0.0211
99	BQZK05—T105	20.8	0.05229	0.0137	218	BQZK05—T231	46	0.08936	0.0145
100	BQZK05—T106	21	0.05825	0.0165	219	BQZK05—T232	46.2	0.0861	0.0201
101	BQZK05—T107	21.2	0.06061	0.0117	220	BQZK05—T233	46.4	0.07394	0.0138
102	BQZK05—T108	21.4	0.0646	0.0149	221	BQZK05—T234	46.6	0.08508	0.0138
103	BQZK05—T109	21.6	0.05405	0.0136	222	BQZK05—T235	46.8	0.08133	0.016
104	BQZK05—T110	21.8	0.06544	0.0137	223	BQZK05—T236	47	0.07195	0.014
105	BQZK05—T111	22	0.0668	0.0182	224	BQZK05—T237	47.2	0.07466	0.0107
106	BQZK05—T112	22.2	0.05949	0.0169	225	BQZK05—T238	47.4	0.08267	0.015
107	BQZK05—T113	22.4	0.05098	0.0189	226	BQZK05—T239	47.6	0.08179	0.0149
108	BQZK05—T114	22.6	0.05765	0.0155	227	BQZK05—T240	47.8	0.08994	0.0105
109	BQZK05—T115	22.8	0.05417	0.0236	228	BQZK05—T241	48	0.08806	0.0135
110	BQZK05—T116	23	0.0487	0.0231	229	BQZK05—T242	48.2	0.10138	0.0099
111	BQZK05—T117	23.2	0.04359	0.0128	230	BQZK05—T243	48.4	0.26506	0.0133
112	BQZK05—T118	23.4	0.0497	0.0148	231	BQZK05—T244	48.6	0.155	0.0112
113	BQZK05—T119	23.6	0.039	0.0152	232	BQZK05—T245	48.8	0.17682	0.0152
114	BQZK05—T120	23.8	0.05505	0.0545	233	BQZK05—T246	49	0.17081	0.0098
115	BQZK05—T121	24	0.05352	0.0099	234	BQZK05—T247	49.2	0.1916	0.0092
116	BQZK05—T122	24.2	0.05181	0.0325	235	BQZK05—T248	49.4	0.26623	0.0088
117	BQZK05—T124	24.6	0.03804	0.0143	236	BQZK05—T249	49.6	0.09292	0.0139
118	BQZK05—T125	24.8	0.05217	0.0134	237	BQZK05—T250	49.8	0.11584	0.0123
119	BQZK05—T126	25	0.04342	0.0164

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 BQZK05有机碳和全碳分析测试结果

Table 4. Organic carbon and total carbon analysis test results of BQZK05 soil core

样品编号	采样深度/m	TC/%	Corg/%	样品编号	采样深度/m	TC/%	Corg/%
BQZK05—H1—1	0.25	1.39	1.26	BQZK05—H12-4	25.75	0.66	0.64
BQZK05—H1—2	0.75	1.82	1.68	BQZK05—H12—5	26.25	0.58	0.57
BQZK05—H2—1	1.25	0.54	0.54	BQZK05—H12—6	26.75	1.2	1.03
BQZK05—H2—2	1.75	0.48	0.47	BQZK05—H12—7	27.25	0.74	0.72
BQZK05—H2—3	2.25	0.34	0.33	BQZK05—H12—8	27.75	0.29	0.27
BQZK05—H2—4	2.825	0.31	0.31	BQZK05—H12—9	28.25	0.33	0.28
BQZK05—H3—1	3.425	0.4	0.39	BQZK05—H12—10	28.75	0.3	0.3
BQZK05—H3—2	3.95	0.32	0.31	BQZK05—H12—11	29.25	0.26	0.25
BQZK05—H3—3	4.6	0.34	0.33	BQZK05—H12—12	29.75	0.31	0.3
BQZK05—H4—1	5.25	0.21	0.21	BQZK05—H12—13	30.25	0.81	0.75
BQZK05—H4—2	5.7	0.12	0.098	BQZK05—H12—14	30.75	0.83	0.76
BQZK05—H5—1	6.25	0.075	0.059	BQZK05—H12—15	31.25	0.41	0.4
BQZK05—H5—2	6.85	0.088	0.072	BQZK05—H12—16	31.75	1.98	1.76
BQZK05—H6—1	7.4	0.26	0.25	BQZK05—H12—17	32.25	0.89	0.74
BQZK05—H6—2	8	0.2	0.2	BQZK05—H12—18	32.75	0.58	0.57
BQZK05—H6—3	8.6	0.12	0.11	BQZK05—H12—19	33.25	0.77	0.67
BQZK05—H7—1	9.35	0.17	0.16	BQZK05—H12—20	33.75	0.86	0.77
BQZK05—H8—1	10.07	0.11	0.096	BQZK05—H12—21	34.25	0.63	0.62
BQZK05—H8—2	10.61	0.094	0.082	BQZK05—H12—22	34.75	0.73	0.68
BQZK05—H8—3	11.15	0.1	0.09	BQZK05—H12—23	35.25	0.63	0.61
BQZK05—H8—4	11.69	0.11	0.097	BQZK05—H12—24	35.7	0.66	0.65
BQZK05—H8—5	12.23	0.13	0.11	BQZK05—H13—1	36.2	0.19	0.15
BQZK05—H9—1	12.715	0.15	0.13	BQZK05—H13—2	36.75	0.13	0.1
BQZK05—H9—2	13.145	0.18	0.17	BQZK05—H13—3	37.25	0.15	0.1
BQZK05—H9—3	13.575	0.19	0.18	BQZK05—H13—4	37.75	0.13	0.09
BQZK05—H9—4	14.005	0.21	0.19	BQZK05—H13—5	38.375	1.19	0.098
BQZK05—H9—5	14.435	0.22	0.21	BQZK05—H14—1	39.125	0.17	0.075
BQZK05—H9—6	14.825	0.26	0.25	BQZK05—H14—2	39.75	0.15	0.077
BQZK05—H10—1	15.29	0.22	0.21	BQZK05—H14—3	40.25	0.061	0.057
BQZK05—H10—2	15.82	0.25	0.23	BQZK05—H14—4	40.75	0.091	0.078
BQZK05—H10—3	16.3	0.16	0.15	BQZK05—H14—5	41.25	0.099	0.078
BQZK05—H10—4	16.78	0.18	0.17	BQZK05—H14—6	41.75	0.056	0.05
BQZK05—H10—5	17.26	0.16	0.14	BQZK05—H15—1	42.25	1.1	0.097
BQZK05—H10—6	17.75	0.16	0.16	BQZK05—H15—2	42.75	2.08	0.078
BQZK05—H11—1	18.25	0.15	0.15	BQZK05—H15—3	43.25	0.4	0.12
BQZK05—H11—2	18.75	0.17	0.17	BQZK05—H15—4	43.75	0.35	0.14
BQZK05—H11—3	19.25	0.19	0.18	BQZK05—H15—5	44.35	0.38	0.11
BQZK05—H11—4	19.75	0.16	0.16	BQZK05—H16—1	45.1	0.43	0.14
BQZK05—H11—5	20.25	0.21	0.2	BQZK05—H16—2	45.75	0.52	0.13
BQZK05—H11—6	20.75	0.19	0.18	BQZK05—H16—3	46.25	0.58	0.18
BQZK05—H11—7	21.25	0.19	0.18	BQZK05—H16—4	46.75	0.68	0.18
BQZK05—H11—8	21.75	0.24	0.22	BQZK05—H16—5	47.25	0.83	0.27
BQZK05—H11—9	22.25	0.24	0.23	BQZK05—H16—6	47.75	0.67	0.2
BQZK05—H11—10	22.75	0.26	0.25	BQZK05—H16—7	48.25	2.32	0.36
BQZK05—H11—11	23.35	0.26	0.25	BQZK05—H16—8	48.75	2.06	0.4
BQZK05—H12—1	24.1	0.33	0.32	BQZK05—H16—9	49.15	1.53	0.087
BQZK05—H12—2	24.75	0.41	0.41	BQZK05—H16—10	49.45	1.39	0.094
BQZK05—H12—3	25.25	0.26	0.25	BQZK05—H16—11	49.8	2.29	0.11

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 BQZK05 ESR分析测试结果

Table 5. ESR analysis test results of BQZK05 soil core

野外编号	样品物质	深度/m	U/10⁻⁶	Th/10⁻⁶	K/%	含水量/%	等效剂量/Gy	剂量率/(Gy·ka⁻¹)	年龄/Ka
BQZK05—G07	粘土	23.7	2.24±0.09	13.1±0.26	1.40±0.06	16±5	795±102	2.32±0.12	343±44
BQZK05—G08	粉砂质粘土	28.30	2.09±0.08	14.2±0.28	1.29±0.05	13±5	1179±162	2.37±0.12	498±68
BQZK05—G09	砂质粘土	36.47	1.31±0.05	16.1±0.32	0.79±0.03	17±5	1185±189	1.81±0.09	653±104
BQZK05—G10	砂质粘土	38.72	1.97±0.08	17.6±0.35	1.88±0.08	11±5	2198±277	3.12±0.16	705±89
BQZK05—G11	粘土	43.15	1.50±0.06	16.4±0.33	2.28±0.09	18±5	2163±302	2.98±0.15	727±101
BQZK05—G12	粉砂质泥岩	46.4	1.99±0.08	15.4±0.31	2.34±0.09	15±5	3739±508	3.19±0.16	1172±159
注：样品符合 ESR 测年要求，测量信号较好，年龄结果误差小于 20%

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 BQZK05光释光测年结果

Table 6. Photoluminescence dating results of BQZK05 soil core

野外编号	深度/m	测试矿物（Q/KF）	粒径	含水量/%	U/10⁻⁶	Th//10⁻⁶	K/%	环境剂量率/（Gy·ka⁻¹）	等效剂量/Gy	年龄/ka
BQZK05—G02	1.4	KF	63-90	25	2.7±0.1	13.1±0.5	2.1±0.1	3.9±0.2	279.1±6.4	71.4±3.8
BQZK05—G03	3.6	KF	63-90	27	2.6±0.1	13.6±0.5	2.1±0.1	3.8±0.2	837±35	220±14

下载: 导出CSV

表 7 BQZK05加速器质谱（AMS）¹⁴C年龄测试结果

Table 7. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) ¹⁴C age test results for BQZK05 soil core

样品原编号	采样深度/m	样品	¹⁴C年龄/a BP	距离2023年/a
BQZK05—C14—1	0.20	黑色粘质壤土	5665±30	5738±30
BQZK05—C14—2	0.40	黑色粘质壤土	940±20	1013±20
BQZK05—C14—3	0.60	黑色粘质壤土	3190±30	3263±30
注：所用¹⁴C半衰期为5568年，¹⁴C年龄BP为距1950年的年代

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(53)

[1]	Chen L, Sun Y G, Shang X Y, et al. 2022. Geological survey method for the ground substrate survey of natural resource: Taking Zhangbei demonstration zone as an example[J]. Henan Science and Technology, 41(21): 99−102(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]	Chen P, Hou H X, Ma J C, et al. 2023. Investigation and research idea on black soil surface matrix in low mountain and hilly regions: A case study of Zhalantun area[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 81(9): 81−89(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]	Fang X M, Galy A, Yang Y B, et al. 2019. Paleogene global cooling—induced temperature feedback on chemical weathering, as recorded in the northern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Geology, 47(10): 992−996. doi: 10.1130/G46422.1
[4]	Fu J Y, Li Y C, Zhao C J, et al. 2018. Geotechnical map of Northeast China (1∶1.5 million scale)[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
[5]	Ge L S, Yang G C. 2020. New field of Natural resources survey and monitoring: Ground substrate survey[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 33(9): 4−11,67(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]	Hao A B, Yin Z Q, Peng L, et al. 2020. A discussion of the classification of natural resources based on the combination of academic−legal principles and management[J]. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, 47(6): 1−7(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]	Hou H X, Lu M, Qin T, et al. 2024. Methodology for surface matrix investigation[M]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences Press: 6. (in Chinese).
[8]	Hou H X, Ge L S, Sun X, et al. 2022. A study on the application of ground substrate in the survey and evaluation of China's black soil resources: Based on ground substrate survey in Baoqing, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 37(9): 2264−2276(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.31497/zrzyxb.20220905
[9]	Hou H X, Zhang S J, Lu M, et al. 2021. Technology and method of the ground substrate layer survey of natural resources: Taking Baoding area as an example[J]. Northwestern Geology, 54(3): 277−288(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]	Hou H X, Ge L S, Sun X, et al. 2021. Discussion on the content and elements attribute index system of surface matrix survey[J]. Natural Science, 9(4): 433−442(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]	Hu B, Zhang C X, Wu H B, et al. 2019. Clay mineralogy of an Eocene fluvial−lacustrine sequence in Xining Basin, Northwest China, and its paleoclimatic implications[J]. Scientia Sinica Terrae, 49(3): 569−583(in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.1360/N072018-00101
[12]	Jia L, Liu H, Ouyang Y, et al. 2022. Division scheme of surface substrate mapping units of mountainous−hilly area in South China based on geological formations research: Example from Xinhui−Taishan area in Pearl River Delta[J]. Northwestern Geology, 55(4): 140−157(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]	Li X, Zhou X H, Xiang Z Q, et al. 2023. Simply discussion on the work of ground substrate survey: taking Hainan Island as an example[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 42(1): 68−75(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]	Ministry of Natural Resources. 2020a. General scheme for construction of natural resources survey and moniyoring system[Z](in Chinese).
[15]	Ministry of Natural Resources. 2020b. Classification Scheme for Surface Matrix (Trial)[Z](in Chinese).
[16]	Ministry of Natural Resources. 2020. Overall plan for investigation of black soil surface matrix [Z](in Chinese).
[17]	Ren Z Y, Wu P, Cao X X. 2016. Clay minerals and their palaeoclimatic indicators in the Mawo karst basin in Weining, Guizhou[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 36(1): 70−76(in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]	Song Y H, Liu K, Dai H M. et al. 2022. Palynological assemblages of typical black soil profile in the eastern Songliao Plain and their age and its implication for paleoclimatic[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 41(9): 165−177 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]	Wu J X, Xia G Q, Chen Y, et al. 2022. Characterisitics of clay mineralogy and its paleoclimatic significance across the Oligocene−Miocene transition in Lunpola Basin, Central Tibet[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 40(5): 1265−1279(in Chinese with English abstract).
[20]	Xi J J, Fu C F, Meng Y Y, et al. 2018. Carbonate content of Jianzha Basin in Northeastern margin of the tibatan plateau and paleoclimatic significance[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 38(1): 107−117(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]	Xia Y M, Wang P F. 1987. The paleobotany and paleoclimate in the Songnen Plain: A study on the Late Tertiary−Pleistocene spore pollen assemblages[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 42(2): 165–177(in Chinese).
[22]	Yin Z Q, Chen Z R, Li X, et al. 2023. Connotation, layering, mapping and supporting objectives of the integrated survey of ground substrates[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 50(1): 144−151(in Chinese with English abstract).
[23]	Yin Z Q, Qin X G, Zhang S J, et al. 2020. Preliminary study on classification and investigation of surface substrate[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 11(6): 8−14(in Chinese with English abstract).
[24]	Zhan T, Yang Y, Zeng F M, et al. 2023. Magnetostratigraphy and magnetic susceptibility of the Dumeng borehole sequence from Northeeast China Plain and implications for sedimentary evolution of the Songnen paleo−lake.[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 66(2): 673−684(in Chinese with English abstract).
[25]	Zhao C, Li X Q, Zhou X Y, et al. 2016. Holocene vegetation succession and responses to climate change in the northern sector of Northeast China[J]. Scientia Sinica(Terrae), 46(6): 870−880(in Chinese with English abstract).
[26]	Zhao F Y. 2010. A Study of the regularity of Quaternary geological history evolution in Songliao plain based on geological remote sensing survey[J]. Remote Sensing for Land and Resources, 86: 152–158(in Chinese with English abstract).
[27]	Zhao Q, Xie Y Y, Hao D M, et al. 2022. Climatic aridification in Songnen Plain since the Middle Pleistocene from Harbin Loess records[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 40(6): 1702−1717(in Chinese with English abstract).
[28]	陈龙, 孙勇刚, 尚晓雨, 等. 2022. 坝上地区自然资源地表基质调查地质测量方法探讨——以张北示范区为例[J]. 河南科技, 41(21): 99−102.
[29]	陈彭, 侯红星, 马骏驰, 等. 2023. 低山丘陵区黑土地地表基质调查研究思路——以扎兰屯地区为例[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 81(9): 81−89.
[30]	付俊彧, 李英才, 赵春荆, 等. 2018. 东北地区大地构造相图(1∶150万)说明书[M]. 北京: 地质出版社.
[31]	葛良胜, 杨贵才. 2020. 自然资源调查监测工作新领域: 地表基质调查[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 33(9): 4−11,67.
[32]	郝爱兵, 殷志强, 彭令, 等. 2020. 学理与法理和管理相结合的自然资源分类刍议[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 47(6): 1−7.
[33]	侯红星, 葛良胜, 孙肖, 等. 2022. 地表基质在中国黑土地资源调查评价中的应用探讨——基于黑龙江宝清地区地表基质调查[J]. 自然资源学报, 37(9): 2264−2276.
[34]	侯红星, 张蜀冀, 鲁敏, 等. 2021a. 自然资源地表基质层调查技术方法新经验: 以保定地区地表基质层调查为例[J]. 西北地质, 54(3): 277−288.
[35]	侯红星, 葛良胜, 孙肖, 等. 2021b. 地表基质调查内容及要素—属性指标体系探讨[J]. 自然科学, 9(4): 433−442.
[36]	侯红星, 鲁敏, 秦天, 等. 2024. 地表基质调查工作方法[M]. 北京: 中国地质大学出版社: 6.
[37]	胡彬, 张春霞, 吴海斌, 等. 2019. 西宁盆地始新世河湖相沉积序列粘土矿物组合特征及其古环境意义[J]. 中国科学(地球科学), 49(3): 569−583.
[38]	贾磊, 刘洪, 欧阳渊, 等. 2022. 基于地质建造的南方山地丘陵区地表基质填图单元划分方案——以珠三角新会—台山地区为例[J]. 西北地质, 55(4): 140−157.
[39]	李响, 周效华, 相振群, 等. 2023. 地表基质调查的工作思路刍议: 以海南岛为例[J]. 地质通报, 42(1): 68−75.
[40]	任增莹, 吴攀, 曹星星. 2016. 贵州威宁麻窝山岩溶盆地沉积物中粘土矿物特征及其古气候指示意义[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质, 36(1): 70−76.
[41]	宋运红, 刘凯, 戴慧敏. 等. 2022. 松嫩平原东部典型黑土剖面孢粉组合、时代及其对古气候的指示[J]. 地质通报, 41(9): 165−177.
[42]	吴劲宣, 夏国清, 陈云, 等. 2022. 西藏伦坡拉盆地渐新世—中新世之交粘土矿物特征及其古气候意义[J]. 沉积学报, 40(5): 1265−1279.
[43]	席建建, 符超峰, 孟媛媛, 等. 2018. 青藏高原东北缘尖扎盆地碳酸盐含量及其古环境意义[J]. 第四纪研究, 38(1): 107−117.
[44]	夏玉梅, 汪佩芳. 1987. 松嫩平原晚第三纪—更新世孢粉组合及古植被与古气候的研究[J]. 地理学报, 42(2): 165−177.
[45]	殷志强, 陈自然, 李霞, 等. 2023. 地表基质综合调查: 内涵、分层、填图与支撑目标[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 50(1): 144−151.
[46]	殷志强, 秦小光, 张蜀冀, 等. 2020. 地表基质分类及调查初步研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 11(6): 8−14.
[47]	詹涛, 杨业, 曾方明, 等. 2023. 东北平原杜蒙钻孔的磁性地层学和磁化率对松嫩古湖演化的指示[J]. 地球物理学报, 66(2): 673−684.
[48]	赵超, 李小强, 周新郢, 等. 2016. 北大兴安岭地区全新世植被演替及气候响应[J]. 中国科学: 地球科学, 46(6): 870−880.
[49]	赵福岳. 2010. 松辽平原的第四纪地质历史演化规律研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 86: 152−158.
[50]	赵倩, 谢远云, 郝冬梅, 等. 2022. 松嫩平原中更新世以来气候干旱化−来自哈尔滨黄土记录[J]. 沉积学报, 40(6): 1702−1717.
[51]	自然资源部. 2020a. 自然资源调查监测体系构建总体方案[Z].
[52]	自然资源部. 2020b. 地表基质分类方案(试行)[Z].
[53]	自然资源部. 2022. 黑土地地表基质调查总体方案[Z].