Distribution and influencing factors of soil microbial carbon in plant rhizosphere in a Forest Park, Wuhan
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摘要:
研究目的 土壤微生物生物量碳是土壤有机质中最活跃的组分，研究植物根际土壤微生物量碳对认识土壤碳汇及土壤肥力具有重要意义。
研究方法 以武汉市马鞍山森林公园为研究对象，选择4种不同植物类型（乔木、小乔木、灌木、草本）随机设置33个采样点，研究不同植物群落根际土壤微生物量碳分布特征的主要驱动因子。
研究结果 ①土壤微生物量碳在不同植物群落根际间存在显著差异，根际土壤微生物量碳的波动范围为270.76 ~ 908.44 mg/kg。②土壤微生物量碳与土壤有机碳（r=0.662, p < 0.01）、无机氮（r=0.510, p < 0.01）、碳磷比（r=0.519, p < 0.01）、铵态氮（r=0.355, p < 0.01）和硝态氮（r=0.485, p < 0.01）显著正相关，而与土壤速效磷（r=−0.134，p<0.05）显著负相关。③不同植物群落根际间的土壤微生物生物量熵碳的变化范围为1%~4%，其中黑足鳞毛蕨植物群落的根际最高，桂花植物群落根际最弱。④土壤有机碳、碳磷比和无机碳是影响土壤微生物生物量碳的主要因子，而碳氮比（36.36%，p < 0.01）和有机碳（24.42%，p < 0.05）是决定土壤微生物生物量熵碳含量的关键。
结论 土壤碳氮比和有机碳是土壤微生物量熵碳的主要影响因子。不同植物根际土壤中微生物生物量碳间存在显著差异，相比之下黑足鳞毛蕨的根际土壤微生物固碳能力最高。
Abstract:Objective Soil microbial biomass carbon is the most active component of soil organic matter. Studying the microbial biomass carbon in the rhizosphere soil is of great significance.
Methods The study took Ma’an Forest Park in Wuhan City as the research object, and four different plant types (trees, small trees, shrubs, and herbs) were selected to randomly set up 33 sampling points to study the main drivers of the distribution characteristics of rhizosphere soil microbial mass carbon in different plant communities.
Results ① Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly different in the plant rhizosphere of different plant communities. The fluctuation range of soil microbial biomass carbon in the plant rhizosphere was 270.76 ~ 908.44 mg/kg. ② Soil microbial biomass carbon was significantly and positively correlated with soil organic carbon (r = 0.662, p < 0.01), inorganic nitrogen (r = 0.510, p < 0.01), carbon−to−phosphorus ratio (r = 0.519, p < 0.01), ammonium nitrogen (r = 0.355, p < 0.01), and nitrate nitrogen (r = 0.485, p < 0.01), while it was significantly and negatively correlated with soil quick−acting phosphorus (r =− 0.134, p < 0.05). ③ The variation of soil microbial biomass entropy carbon in the rhizosphere of different plant communities ranged from 1% to 4%, among which the rhizosphere of the Dryopteris fuscipes C. Chr. was the highest, and that of the osmanthus sp was the lowest. ④ Soil organic carbon, carbon to phosphorus ratio and inorganic carbon were the main factors affecting soil microbial biomass carbon, while carbon to nitrogen ratio (36.36%, p < 0.01) and organic carbon (24.42%, p < 0.05) were the key determinants of entropic carbon content of soil microbial biomass.
Conclusion Soil carbon to nitrogen ratio and organic carbon were the main influencing factors of soil microbial biomass entropy carbon. There were significant differences between the soil microbial biomass carbon in the inter−root soils of different plants, compared to the Dryopteris fuscipes C. Chr, which had the highest inter−root soil microbial carbon sequestration capacity.
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Key words:
- soil microbial mass carbon /
- forest soil /
- stoichiometric ratio /
- plant rhizosphere /
- forest park /
- impact factor /
- Wuhan
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表 1 马鞍山森林土壤理化指标
Table 1. Soil physicochemical indexes of Ma'an Forest Park
物种 有机碳/( g·kg−1) 速效磷/( mg·kg−1) 铵态氮/( mg·kg−1) 硝态氮/( mg·kg−1) 无机氮/( mg·kg−1) pH值 MBC/( mg·kg−1) 乔木 香樟 46.02±4.67a 35.34±1.54c 15.33±1.77a 9.00±1.36a 24.33±1.70a 4.49±0.11c 908.44±163.16a 马尾松 24.21±3.23bc 49.38±3.17b 7.20±0.41c 5.83±0.62bc 13.03±0.36b 4.56±0.08bc 601.69±93.09ab 柏木 23.26±4.10bc 31.82±3.87c 12.53±1.61ab 6.4±1.56ab 18.93±3.07ab 4.78±0.03ab 403.02±112.73b 小乔木 杉松 23.14±1.47bc 50.72±1.88b 13.23±1.36ab 7.87±1.32ab 21.1±2.26ab 4.83±0.13ab 565.60±54.31ab 桂花 20.23±2.69bc 96.90±4.24a 9.7±0.63bc 1.07±0.39bc 10.77±1.03bc 4.56±0.12bc 270.76±77.03b 广玉兰 12.37±1.37c 103.16±2.61a 10.77±1.14bc 0.67±0.11c 11.43±1.03bc 4.91±0.06a 392.62±86.02b 灌木 野鸦椿 31.16±0.76ab 91.66±5.73a 8.70±1.09bc 6.93±1.32a 15.63±0.33b 4.49±0.04bc 676.44±48.12ab 荚蒾 35.51±3.20a 99.21±3.19a 17.90±2.98a 7.20±2.15a 25.10±5.08a 4.38±0.09c 625.69±31.55ab 海桐 30.90±3.70ab 84.25±4.17a 8.33±1.08bc 9.07±1.28a 17.90±1.43ab 4.38±0.11c 681.51±29.41ab 草本 野青茅 23.54±2.95bc 40.55±1.14bc 10.6±0.71bc 9.17±3.31a 19.77±4.02ab 4.79±0.08ab 412.18±98.78b 黑足鳞毛蕨 22.07±3.65bc 51.45±7.93b 12.17±2.21ab 8.63±2.84a 20.80±4.93ab 4.66±0.03ab 514.49±90.73ab 注：不同小写字母代表差异显著（p < 0.05） 
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表 2 马鞍山森林土壤养分化学计量比
Table 2. Stoichiometric ratio of soil nutrient content in Ma'an forest
物种 C∶P C∶N N∶P 乔木 香樟 1311.10±183.87a 1879.87±60.54a 0.75±0.04a 马尾松 522.72±79.36bc 1841.26±204.50a 0.45±0.04bc 柏木 791.97±99.28b 1271.08±177.38ab 0.74±0.07a 小乔木 杉松 453.25±42.37cd 1112.92±50.02b 0.49±0.04bc 桂花 214.75±25.18e 1883.67±222.85a 0.24±0.01d 广玉兰 121.23±11.92e 1114.99±183.82b 0.20±0.004d 灌木 野鸦椿 343.53±21.11de 1998.98±88.47a 0.17±0.01d 荚蒾 376.94±64.68de 1675.95±44.77a 0.26±0.06d 海桐 375.57±61.26de 1718.27±12.12a 0.22±0.03d 草本 野青茅 569.11±73.79bc 1283.25±209.05ab 0.57±0.03b 黑足鳞毛蕨 358.95±48.25de 1118.38±304.52b 0.39±0.06c 注：不同小写字母代表差异显著（p < 0.05）
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