Theory, methodology and practice of the Eco-Geological Tupu
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摘要:
研究目的 自2019年中国地质调查局部署“生态地质调查”工程以来，在全国范围内，生态地质调查已取得了涵盖岩石、风化壳、土壤、水文、生态格局、问题的现状与变化多维度的调查成果，以及结合地球化学、气候气象、地形地貌、人类活动等多方面因素的结论与认识。这些成果与认识已超越了传统地质成果图件的图面承载力和表达内容范畴，因此亟需对成果形式进行创新，形成适合生态地质调查成果的新型地质调查成果图。
研究方法 通过梳理“图”、“谱”和“地学图谱”的概念，结合生态地质学的内涵，提出了生态地质图谱这一新型地质调查成果图，并明确了生态地质图谱的内涵、意义、主要内容、图面构成及编制流程。
研究结果 生态地质图谱突破了传统地质图件的局限，全面展示了宏观遥感调查、地面典型剖面测量与微观测试分析结果，实现了生态学与地质学认识的融合。
结论 通过坝上地区和南方丘陵山地区的实践，证明生态地质图谱是符合新时期基础性、公益性地质调查需求的成果表达方式，可作为国土空间生态保护和修复的重要参考与决策工具。然而，生态地质图谱仍处于初步发展阶段，为更好地实现其服务价值，建议在未来的工作中，加强全国生态地质图谱库建设，以及生态地质图谱信息化、智能化相关工作。
Abstract:Objective Since the deployment of the "Ecological Geological Survey" project by the China Geological Survey in 2019, eco-geology surveys have yielded multidimensional investigative results covering rocks, weathered crust, soil, hydrology, ecological patterns, and related issues nationwide. These findings, combined with factors such as geochemistry, climate and meteorology, topography, and human activities, have exceeded the traditional geological survey results in terms of graphical representation and content. Therefore, there is an urgent need for innovative forms of presenting these results to create a new type of geological survey map suitable for eco-geology surveys.
Methods This article explored the concepts of maps, spectra and geoscientific tupu in conjunction with the essence of ecological geology and introduced the concept of the "Eco-Geological Tupu" as a novel form of geological survey representation. The article defined the eco-geological tupu, highlighted its significance, outlined its main components, discussed its graphical composition, and outlined the compilation process.
Results The eco-geological tupu breaks through the limitations of traditional geological maps and comprehensively presents macro-scale remote sensing surveys, ground-based typical profile measurements, and microscopic testing and analysis results, thus achieving the integration of ecological and geological knowledge.
Conclusions Through practical applications in the Bashang Plateau and the Guangxi-Guangdong hilly region, it has been demonstrated that the eco-geological tupu is a suitable means of expressing survey results that meet the foundational and public interest needs of geological surveys in the new era. It can serve as a crucial reference for ecological protection and restoration in national land space and as a decision-making tool for eco-civilization. However, the eco-geological tupu is still in its initial development stage. To enhance its service value in the future, it is recommended to strengthen the construction of a national eco-geological tupu database and work on the informationization and intelligentization of eco-geological tupu.
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Key words:
- eco-geology /
- eco-geological tupu /
- theoretical connotation /
- significance /
- components /
- practice
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