Geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbons in ore-rich sandstones in the Qianjiadian uranium deposit, southwestern Songliao Basin
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摘要:
松辽盆地西南部钱家店铀矿床的形成与油气充注和微生物还原作用有关，但该铀矿床中油气的来源及其烃源岩类型、沉积环境、成熟度、潜在的充注多期次性等问题并没有深入研究。对该矿床富矿砂岩中吸附烃和包裹体烃进行离线破碎法抽提，通过色谱-质谱分析探讨烃类的地球化学特征。结果显示，吸附烃和包裹体烃具有相似的组成，均显示淡蓝色的荧光特征；含矿层中至少有2期石油充注混合，早期充注的石油发生了严重的生物降解作用，C15+范围内存在很多未分离的复杂混合物(UCM)，含C26~C30 17α, 21β 25-降藿烷系列化合物；晚期充注的石油未发生或发生了轻微的生物降解，生物标志化合物指示其来源于下白垩统九佛堂组烃源岩，该烃源岩形成于半深湖—深湖局部水体分层的还原环境，有机质类型为腐殖-腐泥型，热演化程度已经达到成熟。作为研究油气和微生物参与砂岩型铀矿成矿作用系统性研究的一部分，对完善该研究体系具有重要意义，也可为油铀兼探、煤铀兼探等多矿种综合勘查提供帮助。
Abstract:The formation of the Qianjiadian uranium deposit in the southwest of Songliao Basin is related to hydrocarbon charging and microbial reduction.However, the origin of oil and gas in the uranium deposit and the types of source rocks, sedimentary environment, maturity and potential multi-stage charging have not been thoroughly studied.The geochemical characteristics of hydorcarbons from adsorbed organic matter and inclusions in ore-rich sandstones were analyzed by means of off-line crushing extracting method and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The result shows that two types of hydrocarbons have light blue fluorescence emission color, suggesting similar compositions, and at least two stages of petroleum charge the uranium reservoir.The earlier charged petroleum was heavily biodegraded, showing large unresolved complex mixture (UCM)humps and a suite of C26~C30 17α, 21β 25-norhopanes.The later charged petroleum was not or just slightly biodegraded, and biomarkers indicate that it was derived from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation which was mature humic-sapropelic source rock deposited in a reduced and stratified semi-deep/deep lacustrine.As part of the systematic work of studying biogenic and petroleum-related uranium mineralization in sandstone-hosted uranium deposit, this result is of great significance to improve the research system, and is also helpful to multi-mineral comprehensive exploration such as oil-uranium co-exploration and coal-uranium co-exploration.
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表 1 钱家店铀矿床姚家组富矿砂岩中吸附烃和包裹体烃的生物标志化合物参数
Table 1. Biomarker parameters of hydrocarbons extracted from adsorbed organic matter and inclusions in ore-rich sandstones from the Yaojia Formation in the Qianjiadian uranium deposit
样品 370104-ad 370104-in 370109-ad 370109-in 370110-ad 370110-in 410102-ad 410102-in 490412-ad 490412-in Cmax C18 / C25 C16 / C23 C18 / C25 C16 / C22 C18 / C25 C18 / C23 C16 / C23 C18 / C23 C18 / C24 C16 / C22 C27ααα20R甾烷% 44.95 39.93 40.47 38.76 37.71 40.47 39.35 42.32 39.82 43.1 C28ααα20R甾烷% 21.51 24.03 22.56 23.62 24.28 23.41 23.76 23.24 22.31 22.12 C29ααα20R甾烷% 33.54 36.04 36.96 37.62 38.01 36.12 36.88 34.44 37.87 34.78 规则甾烷/17α藿烷 0.39 0.34 0.37 0.34 0.39 0.36 0.41 0.35 0.38 0.40 C26/C25三环萜烷 2.00 2.55 2.69 2.45 2.71 2.60 2.41 2.83 2.26 2.68 C31R/C30藿烷 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.24 0.22 0.19 C35 22S/C34 22S藿烷 0.56 0.58 0.55 0.58 0.54 0.52 0.55 0.55 0.60 0.48 C29/C30藿烷 0.54 0.46 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.50 0.48 0.51 伽马蜡烷/(伽马蜡烷+C30藿烷) 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.16 0.17 0.15 0.16 C30*/C29Ts 0.45 0.36 0.39 0.36 0.33 0.40 0.36 0.43 0.39 0.45 Pr/Ph 0.71 0.82 0.84 0.76 0.71 0.68 0.51 0.66 0.71 0.84 Pr/nC17 0.52 0.60 0.58 0.65 0.50 0.87 0.62 0.53 0.55 0.76 Ph/nC18 0.54 0.51 0.51 0.72 0.49 0.89 0.68 0.55 0.50 0.98 C31αβ藿烷22S/(22S+22R) 0.59 0.59 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.60 0.59 Ts/Tm 1.47 1.01 1.05 0.89 1.10 1.15 1.05 1.15 1.05 1.21 C29ααα甾烷20S/(20S+20R) 0.34 0.37 0.36 0.38 0.34 0.36 0.36 0.35 0.35 0.35 C29甾烷ββ/(ββ+αα) 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.36 0.39 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.39 C30莫烷/藿烷 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.14 CPI 1.32 1.31 1.47 1.14 1.27 1.29 1.59 1.44 1.23 1.48 MPI-1 0.26 0.30 0.23 0.19 0.25 0.28 0.23 0.31 0.33 0.21 Rc / % 0.56 0.58 0.54 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.54 0.59 0.60 0.53 注：ad表示吸附烃；in表示包裹体烃 
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