Petrogenesis for Neoproterozoic granitic rocks in Altyn Qiemo-Ruoqiang area, and implications for determining the timing of Rodinia supercontinent's convergence
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摘要:
阿尔金造山带广泛发育新元古代花岗质岩浆岩，形成年龄为800~1000 Ma，可能是Rodinia超大陆汇聚阶段的产物，因此新元古代花岗质岩浆的研究对探讨阿尔金造山带的演化过程具有重要意义。选取南阿尔金地块且末—若羌地区的花岗质岩石为研究对象，开展了详细的岩石学、岩石地球化学及地质年代学研究。结果表明：①且末—若羌地区3类花岗质岩石的轻稀土元素相对于重稀土元素富集，显示右倾配分模式，具明显的负Eu异常（δEu=0.14~0.6），富集Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素，亏损Ba、Ti、Nb、Ta、Sr等高场强元素；②锆石U-Pb年龄为899~915 Ma。综合区域地质演化历史表明，且末—若羌地区3类花岗质岩石形成于同碰撞构造环境，是Rodinia超大陆汇聚阶段板块之间俯冲、碰撞的产物。
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关键词:
- 阿尔金造山带 /
- 花岗质岩石 /
- U-Pb年龄 /
- Rodinia超大陆 /
- 地质调查工程
Abstract:The Neoproterozoic granitic magma activity was widespread in the Altyn orogenic belt, with formation ages around 800~1000 Ma.These magmatic events are thought to be associated with the convergence of the Rodinia supercontinent.Therefore, the study of Neoproterozoic granitic magma is of great significance for gaining insights into the evolution processes of the Altyn orogenic belt.In this study, we present precise results from petrological, geochronological and geochemical investigations of the granitic rocks from the Qiemo-Ruoqiang area in the southern Altyn block.Our findings indicate that: ①In comparison to the enrichment of light rare earth elements(LREE), heavy rare earth elements(HREE)exhibit a pronounced right-leaning characteristic, accompanied by a distinct negative Eu anomaly(δEu=0.14~0.6).These rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements like Th, U, and K, while simultaneously showing depletion in high field strength elements such as Ba, Ti, Nb, Ta, and Sr.②Zircon U-Pb ages fall within the range of approximately 899 Ma to 915 Ma.Comprehensive studies have shown that the three categories of granitic rocks in the Qimo-Ruoqiang region were formed in a syn-collision tectonic environment, which were the products of subduction and collision between plates during the convergence stage of the Rodinia supercontinent.
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图 2 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩体TAS(a，底图据Middlemost, 1994)、SiO2-K2O(b，底图据Peccerillo et al., 1976)和A/CNK-A/NK(c，底图据Maniar et al., 1989)图解(图中灰色圆圈为区域同时代S型花岗岩，数据据王立社等，2015；陈红杰等，2018；曾忠诚等，2020)
Figure 2.
图 3 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩体SiO2-(Na2O+K2O-CaO)图解(底图据Frost et al., 2001)
Figure 3.
图 4 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩体全岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(a)和原始地幔标准化蛛网图(b)(图中灰色部分为区域同时代S型花岗岩数据范围，数据据王立社等，2015；陈红杰等，2018；曾忠诚等，2020；球粒陨石和原始地幔标准化数据据Sun et al.，1989)
Figure 4.
图 6 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩石(Al2O3+FeO+MgO +TiO2)-Al2O3/(FeO + MgO + TiO2)图解(a，底图据Douce, 1999)和(Al2O3-(Na2O+K2O))-CaO-(TFeO+MgO)图解(b，底图据Chappell et al., 1974)
Figure 6.
图 7 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩石C/MF-A/MF图解(底图据Altherr et al., 2000)
Figure 7.
图 9 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩石微量元素构造环境判别图解(底图据Pearce et al., 1984)
Figure 9.
表 1 且末—若羌地区三类花岗质岩体全岩主量、微量和稀土元素测试结果
Table 1. Analysis results of major, trace and rare earth elements of the granitic intrusions in Qiemo-Ruoqiang area
元素 D01 D02 D03 D04 D05 D06 D07 D08 D09 D10 花岗闪长岩 石英二长岩 碱长花岗岩 SiO2 67.52 68.01 65.47 67.2 68.18 73.93 71.02 72.03 75.08 76.84 TiO2 0.59 0.48 0.69 0.64 0.58 0.2 0.35 0.37 0.13 0.16 Al2O3 15.8 16.16 15.44 15.59 15.29 12.92 13.93 13.8 13.07 11.95 Fe2O3 1.81 0.96 1.13 1.87 2.09 1.65 0.55 0.69 0.46 0.7 FeO 2.79 2.7 3.48 1.03 0.66 1.35 2.85 2.27 1.05 1.18 MnO 0.068 0.053 0.089 0.062 0.045 0.04 0.059 0.05 0.037 0.025 MgO 1 0.87 1.02 0.61 0.51 0.29 0.57 0.62 0.18 0.24 CaO 1.51 1.81 1.68 1.6 1.02 0.83 1.99 1.87 1.05 0.91 Na2O 2.32 2.75 3.85 3.91 3.69 2.46 2.94 2.67 3.16 2.64 K2O 4.57 4.36 5.62 6.36 6.37 5.26 4.45 4.6 4.86 4.43 P2O5 0.14 0.14 0.18 0.14 0.139 0.13 0.094 0.1 0.047 0.15 烧失量 1.75 1.57 1.21 0.74 1.23 0.89 1.06 0.81 0.73 0.73 总计 99.87 99.86 99.84 99.74 99.8 99.96 99.86 99.88 99.86 99.95 La 46.9 43.2 146 34.4 23.3 22.4 95.9 49.5 42.8 23.7 Ce 95 84.1 294 51.8 31.3 51.4 217 96.4 82.2 50.4 Pr 11 10.1 28.6 8.2 4.55 6.41 22.4 11.5 10.3 5.83 Nd 42.6 38.5 102 28 22.6 22.7 86 44.5 36.9 21.9 Sm 8.13 7.7 22 4.89 4.2 5.86 19.8 8.72 7.25 5.65 Eu 1.41 1.45 2.26 0.68 0.61 0.26 2.96 1.21 0.82 0.45 Gd 7.2 6.75 19 4.31 3.58 5.2 16.7 7.74 6.4 5.59 Tb 1.15 1.03 2.93 0.73 0.64 1.25 2.93 1.3 1.22 1.28 Dy 6.31 5.51 15.2 4.61 4.1 8.8 16.8 8.41 7.79 8.67 Ho 1.12 0.97 2.5 0.97 0.83 1.68 3.02 1.7 1.49 1.67 Er 3.28 2.77 6.82 3.06 2.63 4.91 8.29 5.12 4.32 4.76 Tm 0.57 0.49 0.99 0.55 0.49 0.81 1.24 0.95 0.71 0.86 Yb 3.52 2.88 6.01 4.11 3.72 5.1 7.22 5.5 4.4 4.54 Lu 0.52 0.41 0.93 0.59 0.55 0.77 1.06 0.82 0.7 0.62 Y 29.7 26.5 69.6 28.5 24 49 81.1 46.9 41.8 49.3 Sr 104 128 116 113 72.6 33.9 112 117 174 39.6 Rb 222 200 210 354 382 432 152 196 202 387 Zr 199 179 208 297 298 105 556 153 149 118 Nb 15.1 13.2 13.3 47.9 41.2 20.6 23.5 11 7.92 11.4 Ba 766 784 858 507 490 172 605 684 880 214 Hf 6.42 5.34 6.88 8.24 8.61 4.21 14.11 4.8 5.43 4.3 Ta 1.32 1.13 1.24 3.32 2.76 1.65 2.12 0.77 1.14 0.94 Th 22.1 18.7 23.2 71.7 56.7 23.5 20.3 25.3 22 21.3 U 2.92 3.6 4.97 5.12 7.3 6.63 4.75 2.77 5.93 3.86 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6 
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表 2 研究区样品LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果
Table 2. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb dating results for the intrusions of the study area
点号 谐和度 Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 208Pb/232Th 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ GS001-33-1石英二长岩 -01 98% 0.12 0.0701 0.0013 1.4476 0.0274 0.1490 0.0013 0.0512 0.0040 931 38.1 909 11.4 896 7.5 -02 96% 0.30 0.0731 0.0027 1.5258 0.0530 0.1511 0.0015 0.0357 0.0007 1017 80.6 941 21.3 907 8.3 -03 99% 0.19 0.0701 0.0015 1.5198 0.0349 0.1565 0.0018 0.0539 0.0044 931 44.4 938 14.1 937 9.9 -04 99% 0.40 0.0693 0.0013 1.4324 0.0285 0.1492 0.0013 0.0462 0.0010 907 34.3 903 11.9 896 7.4 -05 97% 0.11 0.0722 0.0013 1.5740 0.0343 0.1566 0.0019 0.0530 0.0090 994 30.6 960 13.6 938 10.4 -06 98% 0.32 0.0713 0.0013 1.5051 0.0269 0.1526 0.0013 0.0511 0.0009 965 41.7 932 10.9 915 7.5 -07 98% 0.44 0.0699 0.0014 1.4353 0.0275 0.1479 0.0013 0.0460 0.0009 928 40.7 904 11.5 889 7.4 -08 97% 0.37 0.0729 0.0015 1.6011 0.0362 0.1579 0.0015 0.0492 0.0011 1013 42.6 971 14.1 945 8.6 -09 99% 0.27 0.0695 0.0013 1.5051 0.0330 0.1559 0.0021 0.0468 0.0013 922 38.9 932 13.4 934 11.7 -10 99% 0.34 0.0699 0.0017 1.4678 0.0352 0.1517 0.0017 0.0446 0.0011 926 48.6 917 14.5 911 9.5 -11 98% 0.48 0.0677 0.0023 1.4377 0.0500 0.1536 0.0014 0.0460 0.0009 859 70.4 905 20.8 921 7.8 -12 99% 0.17 0.0677 0.0024 1.3827 0.0527 0.1475 0.0013 0.0458 0.0010 861 108 882 22.5 887 7.5 -13 96% 0.58 0.0660 0.0028 1.3878 0.0628 0.1521 0.0015 0.0442 0.0008 806 91.7 884 26.7 912 8.4 -14 95% 0.34 0.0655 0.0033 1.4116 0.0774 0.1561 0.0017 0.0451 0.0010 791 107 894 32.6 935 9.7 -15 97% 0.23 0.0680 0.0021 1.4895 0.0496 0.1586 0.0018 0.0477 0.0009 870 63.0 926 20.2 949 9.8 -16 97% 0.21 0.0681 0.0018 1.4751 0.0432 0.1571 0.0016 0.0617 0.0138 870 55.6 920 17.7 941 9.2 -17 98% 0.46 0.0686 0.0014 1.4501 0.0341 0.1533 0.0015 0.0470 0.0009 887 43.1 910 14.1 919 8.6 -18 97% 1.06 0.0728 0.0015 1.5189 0.0299 0.1518 0.0013 0.0456 0.0007 1009 40.7 938 12.1 911 7.3 -19 98% 0.62 0.0708 0.0016 1.4813 0.0342 0.1517 0.0016 0.0451 0.0009 954 46.3 923 14.0 911 8.8 GS101-1-2碱长花岗岩 -01 98% 0.56 0.0710 0.0019 1.4973 0.0414 0.1523 0.0013 0.0418 0.0012 967 56 929 17 914 7 -02 98% 0.68 0.0687 0.0010 1.3550 0.0226 0.1426 0.0016 0.0327 0.0010 900 31 870 10 859 9 -03 99% 0.53 0.0696 0.0010 1.5242 0.0271 0.1585 0.0022 0.0435 0.0012 917 30 940 11 948 12 -04 97% 0.49 0.0703 0.0012 1.3765 0.0229 0.1416 0.0014 0.0385 0.0011 1000 33 879 10 854 8 -05 99% 0.61 0.0702 0.0012 1.5027 0.0267 0.1547 0.0018 0.0385 0.0012 1000 36 931 11 927 10 -06 99% 0.60 0.0692 0.0011 1.5016 0.0243 0.1568 0.0016 0.0391 0.0012 906 33 931 10 939 9 -07 99% 0.52 0.0689 0.0012 1.4631 0.0273 0.1533 0.0018 0.0418 0.0012 896 35 915 11 919 10 -08 96% 1.07 0.0708 0.0011 1.4026 0.0277 0.1433 0.0022 0.0294 0.0019 954 32 890 12 863 12 -09 99% 0.52 0.0685 0.0011 1.4339 0.0254 0.1512 0.0018 0.0434 0.0013 885 33 903 11 908 10 -10 98% 0.57 0.0702 0.0014 1.4297 0.0290 0.1473 0.0016 0.0419 0.0014 1000 40 901 12 886 9 -11 99% 0.44 0.0686 0.0012 1.4382 0.0258 0.1518 0.0016 0.0430 0.0013 887 35 905 11 911 9 -12 98% 0.62 0.0663 0.0012 1.2819 0.0285 0.1404 0.0025 0.0378 0.0013 817 39 838 13 847 14 -13 99% 1.00 0.0700 0.0013 1.4766 0.0300 0.1526 0.0017 0.0409 0.0012 928 40 921 12 915 9 -14 99% 0.49 0.0693 0.0013 1.4214 0.0279 0.1483 0.0015 0.0407 0.0012 909 34 898 12 892 9 -15 99% 0.52 0.0694 0.0013 1.4385 0.0290 0.1501 0.0019 0.0407 0.0013 909 40 905 12 902 11 -16 99% 0.60 0.0703 0.0014 1.4657 0.0294 0.1511 0.0017 0.0350 0.0012 1000 41 916 12 907 10 -17 97% 0.47 0.0666 0.0012 1.3657 0.0246 0.1485 0.0017 0.0321 0.0010 828 37 874 11 892 10 GS012-2-2花岗闪长岩 -01 98% 0.16 0.0708 0.0017 1.5151 0.0342 0.1542 0.0012 0.0479 0.0010 954 48.2 937 13.8 925 6.9 -02 99% 0.40 0.0682 0.0012 1.4318 0.0259 0.1514 0.0014 0.0394 0.0007 876 35.7 902 10.8 909 7.9 -03 99% 1.12 0.0677 0.0012 1.3684 0.0255 0.1460 0.0014 0.0088 0.0004 857 37.0 875 10.9 879 8.0 -04 96% 0.24 0.0664 0.0015 1.4123 0.0312 0.1543 0.0020 0.0431 0.0016 820 46.3 894 13.1 925 11.0 -05 98% 0.10 0.0674 0.0011 1.4318 0.0246 0.1533 0.0013 0.0465 0.0009 850 33.3 902 10.3 920 7.3 -06 98% 0.23 0.0694 0.0013 1.3882 0.0271 0.1444 0.0014 0.0395 0.0007 922 38.9 884 11.5 870 7.8 -07 97% 0.55 0.0706 0.0013 1.4342 0.0260 0.1467 0.0012 0.0449 0.0007 946 37.0 903 10.9 882 6.7 -08 98% 0.35 0.0700 0.0012 1.4643 0.0274 0.1509 0.0015 0.0442 0.0008 928 32.4 916 11.3 906 8.4 -09 98% 0.23 0.0701 0.0017 1.4410 0.0321 0.1481 0.0015 0.0293 0.0016 931 54 906 13.4 891 8.5 -10 96% 0.36 0.0719 0.0014 1.4814 0.0306 0.1488 0.0017 0.0360 0.0008 983 39.7 923 12.6 894 9.4 -11 96% 0.55 0.0712 0.0015 1.4109 0.0302 0.1430 0.0014 0.0209 0.0012 965 42.1 894 12.8 862 8.1 -12 98% 0.39 0.0700 0.0013 1.4155 0.0274 0.1460 0.0013 0.0477 0.0008 929 34.3 895 11.5 878 7.5 -13 99% 0.26 0.0709 0.0017 1.5213 0.0370 0.1553 0.0019 0.0518 0.0011 967 46.8 939 14.9 931 10.8 -14 99% 0.13 0.0707 0.0014 1.5259 0.0317 0.1563 0.0016 0.0512 0.0011 950 39.4 941 12.7 936 8.7 -15 97% 0.13 0.0700 0.0013 1.3985 0.0300 0.1444 0.0016 0.0422 0.0015 929 34.3 888 12.7 869 9.1 -16 99% 0.44 0.0694 0.0016 1.4157 0.0348 0.1475 0.0014 0.0444 0.0009 909 52.8 896 14.6 887 8.1 -17 97% 0.17 0.0715 0.0015 1.4897 0.0326 0.1507 0.0013 0.0452 0.0009 972 42.6 926 13.3 905 7.5
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