Research and application on prestress detection equipment for in-service anchors
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摘要: 现有的锚索预应力检测设备要求锚索外露段长度>70 cm，不适应于运维期的在役锚索检测，且质量大都在150 kg以上，对于高陡边坡锚索检测显得笨重。为此研制了HRAD-300型便携式在役锚索预应力智能检测仪，可适用于钢绞线外露长度>7 cm的在役锚索预应力检测。检测仪位移量程200 mm，测量误差0.01 mm；测力量程300 kN，测量误差±1%FS，单件质量<15 kg，总质量<40 kg。基于反拉法原理及检测曲线形态，提出锚下有效预应力算法，并编制了相关软件。室内试验表明，检测曲线形态多为拐点不明显型，计算值与原始锁定值基本一致。使用该设备对邛崃市天台山景区凤凰岩不稳定斜坡锚固工程进行检测，结果表明，现场锚索检测曲线多为拐点明显型，具有明显的突变点及陡降；锚索运行状态良好，持续发挥功效，2号锚索预应力损失较为明显，可以采取补偿张拉方式；同一锚索的不同钢绞线存在受力不均的情况。便携式在役锚索预应力检测仪智能、轻便，可为锚固工程健康评价提供数据支撑。Abstract: The existing anchor cable prestress detection equipments can only be used when the length of the exposed section of the anchor is above 70cm and the anchor cable is not in operation and maintenance period. Most of these devices weigh more than 150 kg， which is too heavy for detectiing the anchor in high and steep slopes. In order to overcome the above problems， a new anchor cable prestress detection equipment HRAD-300 was developed. It can be applied to the prestress detection of in-service anchor with exposed length of 7cm. The measurement error is less than 0.01mm when the displacement range of the detector is 200mm， while the measurement error is ±1%FS when the force range is 300kN. The weight of a single box of the equipment is less than 15kg， and the total weight is less than 40kg. Based on the principle of reverse pull method and the shape of detection curve， the effective anchored prestress algorithm was proposed， and the software is programmed. The indoor test shows that there are no obvious mutation points in the detection curve. The calculated values were basically consistent with the original locked values. The equipment was used to detect the anchor of the unstable slope of Fenghuang rock. The field anchor detection curves has obvious mutation points and steep drops. The anchor cable runs well and keeps on working. The prestress loss of the No.2 anchor cable is more obvious， and the way of compensate and stretch can be taken. Uneven stress exists in the same anchor cable. In conclusion， the HRAD-300 is intelligent and light， which can provide data for the health evaluation of anchorage engineering.
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