Numerical simulation analysis and optimization of process parameters in the cementing process of gas hydrate-bearing sediments in deep water oil and gas wells
-
摘要: 南海地区被证实富含油气资源和天然气水合物资源，在油气钻井过程中常钻遇水合物地层。固井作业是油气开发的重要环节，在深水钻井中，固井过程中水泥水化放热可能引发水合物的分解，降低地层稳定性，甚至影响固井质量。本研究采用数值模拟方法，以南海神狐海域GMGS-1 工程SH7 站位水合物地层为对象，建立了固井数值模型，分析了固井过程中水泥浆侵入水合物地层所引发的问题及固井工艺参数的影响。研究发现，水泥水化放热速率的增加会显著提前反侵现象的发生时间，增加反侵量；固井压差对反侵现象影响较小，但超过一定阈值后会抑制反侵；延长保压时间会显著推迟反侵的起始时间，减少反侵量。因此，在实际工程中，建议采用低水化热水泥，适当延长保压时间，并在早期阶段避免过高的固井压差，以减少水合物的分解，降低反侵现象的发生。本研究为水合物地层的固井作业提供了理论基础，对提高固井作业的安全性和效率具有重要意义。Abstract: The South China Sea has been confirmed to be rich in oil and gas resources as well as natural gas hydrate resources. However, hydrate-bearing formations are often encountered during the drilling of oil and gas wells.Cementing is a critical step in oil and gas development. In deepwater drilling, the heat released during cement hydration can potentially induce hydrate decomposition, compromising formation stability and even affecting cementing quality.This study utilized numerical simulation methods, focusing on the hydrate-bearing formation at the SH7 site in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea GMGS-1 project. A numerical model for cementing was established to analyze the issues caused by cement slurry invasion into hydrate-bearing formations and the impact of cementing process parameters. The study found that an increase in cement hydration heat release rate significantly advanced the onset of gas and water influx, as well as increased its volume. The cementing pressure differential had a minor impact on the influx phenomenon, but it suppressed the influx when exceeding a certain threshold. Prolonging the pressure maintenance period significantly delayed the initiation of influx and reduced its volume. Therefore, it is recommended in practical engineering to use low-heat cement, extend the pressure maintenance period, and avoid excessively high cementing pressure differentials in the early stages to minimize hydrate decomposition and mitigate the occurrence of influx. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the cementing of hydrate-bearing formations, which is of great significance for enhancing the safety and efficiency of cementing operations.
-
-
[1] 郭胜伟,门秀杰,张胜军,等.中国海洋能源产业发展现状及协同发展思路[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(3):230-239.
GUO Shengwei, MEN Xiujie, ZHANG Shengjun, et al. Development status and synergetic development idea of China’s Marine energy industry[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas, 2024,36(3):230-239.
[2] 路丰.南海能源对我国未来能源安全的影响分析[D].北京:外交学院,2013.LU Feng. Analysis of the impact of South China Sea energy on China’s future energy security[D]:Beijing:China Foreign Affairs University, 2013.
[3] 庞凌云.南海北部边缘盆地古近系沉积体系特征,展布及油气分布关系[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2012.PANG Lingyun. The characteristics and extension of depositional system and their relationship with hydrocarbon distribution in paleogene in north margin basins, South China Sea[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2012.
[4] 靳佳澎,王秀娟,邓炜,等.南海北部多类型天然气水合物成藏特征与赋存差异[J/OL].地学前缘.(2024-04-18)[2024-05-06].http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3370.P.20240417.1239.006.html.JIN Jiapeng, WANG Xiujuan, DENG Wei, et al. Geological controls and differences of multi-types gas hydrate occurrences in the northern South China Sea[J/OL]. Earth Science Frontiers.(2024-04-18)[2024-05-06]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3370.P.20240417.1239.006.html.
[5] 王冬冬.南海低渗弱固结水合物储层地质特征及物性刻画[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2021.WANG Dongdong. Geological characteristics and physical properties of low permeability and weakly consolidated hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences(Wuhan), 2021.
[6] 翁子伟,罗圣宗,黄瑞贤,等.南海天然气水合物分布与资源量概况[J].矿冶,2013,57(1):56-70.
WENG Ziwei, LUO Shengzong, HUANG Ruixian, et al. The general situation of the distribution and potential volume of gas hydrate in the South China Sea[J]. Mining and Metallurgy,2013,57(1):56-70.
[7] 孙珍.中国海洋油气产业[M].广州:广东经济出版社,2011.SUN Zhen. China’s Offshore Oil and Gas Industry[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Economy Press, 2011.
[8] 郑明明.油气井水合物地层钻井与固井[M].成都:四川大学出版社,2023.ZHENG Mingming. Drilling and Cementing of Hydrate Formations in Oil and Gas Wells[M]. Chengdu:Sichuan University Press, 2023.
[9] Ning, L F, Wu N Y, Jiang G S, et al. A method to use solar energy for the production of gas from Marine hydrate-bearing sediments:A case study on the Shenhuarea[J]. Energies, 2010,3(12):1861-1879.
[10] 郑明明,王晓宇,周珂锐,等.南海水合物储层固井过程高压气水反侵临界条件判别[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,53(3):963-975.
ZHENG Mingming, WANG Xiaoyu, ZHOU Kerui, et al.Critical conditions identification of generated high-pressure gas and water reverse penetration during cementing in hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2022,53(3):963-975.
[11] 郑明明,王晓宇,周珂锐,等.深水油气固井水合物储层物性响应与高压气水反侵研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2021,49(3):118-127.
ZHENG Mingming, WANG Xiaoyu, ZHOU Kerui, et al. Hydrate reservoir physical properties response and high-pressure gas-water reverse penetration during deepwater oil and gas cementing[J]. Coal Geology & Exploration, 2021,49(3):118-127.
[12] 刘天乐,郑少军,王韧,等.固井水泥浆侵入对近井壁水合物稳定的不利影响[J].石油学报,2018,39(8):937-946.
LIU Tianle, ZHENG Shaojun, WANG Ren, et al. Negative effect of cementing slurry invasion on gas hydrate stability around borehole wall[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018,39(8):937-946.
[13] 王金堂,徐嘉崎,廖波,等.海域天然气水合物钻井液用多功能处理剂制备与性能评价[J].钻探工程,2023,50(6):11-17.
WANG Jintang, XU Jiaqi, LIAO Bo, et al. Preparation and properties evaluation of multifunctional drilling fluid additive for Marine natural gas hydrate[J]. Drilling Engineering, 2023,50(6):11-17.
[14] 郭旭洋,金衍,卢运虎,等.海域天然气水合物降压开采诱发储层力学性质劣化及沉降规律建模研究[J].钻探工程,2023,50(6):27-36.
GUO Xuyang, JIN Yan, LU Yunhu, et al. A modeling analysis of depressurization-induced mechanical property deterioration and subsidence in marine natural gas hydrate-bearing reservoirs[J]. Drilling Engineering, 2023,50(6):27-36.
[15] Yang G K, Liu T L, Zhu H, et al. Heat control effect of phase change microcapsules upon cement slurry applied to Hydrate-Bearing sediment[J]. Energies, 2022,15(12):4197.
[16] 许明标,王晓亮,周建良,等.天然气水合物层固井低热水泥浆研究[J].石油天然气学报,2014,36(11):134-137.
XU Mingbiao, WANG Xiaoliang, ZHOU Jianliang, et al. The research of low-heat slurry for cementing in the natural gas hydrate formation[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2014,36(11):134-137.
[17] 李阳,程远方,闫传梁,等.南海神狐海域水合物地层多物理场耦合模型及井壁坍塌规律分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2022,53(3):976-990.
LI Yang, CHENG Yuanfang, YAN Chuanliang, et al. Multiphysical field coupling model of hydrate formation and analysis of wellbore collapse law in Shenhu area of South China Sea[J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology), 2022,53(3):976-990.
[18] 孙嘉鑫.钻采条件下南海水合物储层响应特性模拟研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学,2018.SUN Jiaxin. Characteristics of reservoir response to drilling and production in gas hydrate-bearing sediments in the South China Sea[D]. Wuhan:China University of Geosciences, 2018.
[19] 申志聪,王栋,贾永刚.水合物直井与水平井产气效果分析--以神狐海域SH2站位为例[J].海洋工程,2019,37(4):107-116.
SHEN Zhicong, WANG Dong, JIA Yonggang. Analysis on gas hydrate exploitation response between the horizontal and vertical wells at SH2 site in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea[J]. The Ocean Engineering, 2019,37(4):107-116.
[20] 杨胜雄,梁金强,陆敬安,等.南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物成藏特征及主控因素新认识[J].地学前缘,2017,24(4):1-14.
YANG Shengxiong, LIANG Jinqiang, LU Jingan, et al. New understandings on the characteristics and controlling factors of gas hydrate reservoirs in the Shenhu area on the northern slope of the South China Sea[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2017,24(4):1-14.
[21] Wang X J, Wu S G, Lee M, et al. Gas hydrate saturation from acoustic impedance and resistivity logs in the Shenhu area,South China Sea[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2011,28(9):1625-1633.
[22] Wang X J, Hutchinson D R, Wu S G, et al. Elevated gas hydrate saturation within silt and silty clay sediments in the Shenhu area, South China Sea[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth, 2011,116(B5):10.
[23] Wu N Y, Yang S X, Zhang H Q, et al. Gas hydrate system of Shenhu area, Northern South China Sea:Wire-line logging,geochemical results and preliminary resources estimates[C]//Paper presented at the Offshore Technology Conference. Houston, Texas, USA, 2010:OTC-20485-MS.
[24] Wu N Y, Yang S X, Zhang H Q, et al. Preliminary discussion on gas hydrate reservoir system of Shenhu area, North Slope of South China Sea[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008. Vancouver, ColumbiaBritish, Canada, 2008.
[25] 张永田,陈晨,马英瑞,等.注入甲醇抑制剂法开采神狐海域天然气水合物数值模拟研究[J].钻探工程,2023,50(5):101-108.
ZHANG Yongtian, CHEN Chen, MA Yingrui, et al. Numerical simulation of gas hydrate exploitation in the Shenhu Sea area by injecting methanol inhibitor[J]. Drilling Engineering,2023,50(5):101-108.
[26] 齐赟,孙友宏,李冰,等.近井储层改造对天然气水合物藏降压开采特性影响的数值模拟研究[J].钻探工程,2021,48(4):85-96.
QI Yun, SUN Youhong, LI Bing, et al. Numerical simulation of the influence of reservoir stimulation in the near wellbore area on the depressurization production characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoir[J]. Drilling Engineering, 2021,48(4):85-96.
[27] Wu N Y, Zhang H Q, Su X, et al. High concentrations of hydrate in disseminated forms found in very fine-grained sediments of Shenhu area, South China Sea[C]//Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gas Hydrates (ICGH 2008. Vancouver, ColumbiaBritish, CANADA, 2008.
[28] Zhang H Q, Yang S X, Wu N Y, et al. Successful and surprising results for China’s first gas hydrate drilling expedition[J].Fire in the Ice Newsletter, 2007,7(3):6-9.
[29] Ning F L, Zhang K N, Wu N Y, et al. Invasion of drilling mud into gas-hydrate-bearing sediments. Part I:effect of drilling mud properties[J]. Geophysical Journal International,2013,193(3):1370-1384.
[30] Li G, Moridis G J, Zhang K N, et al. Evaluation of gas production potential from Marine gas hydrate deposits in shenhu area of South China sea[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2010,24(11):6018-6033.
[31] 吴能友,张海啟,杨胜雄,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物成藏系统初探[J].天然气工业,2007,27(9):1-6.
WU Nengyou, ZHANG Haiqi, YANG Shengxiong, et al.Preliminary discussion on natural gas hydrate (NGH) reservoir system of Shenhu area, North slope of South China sea[J].Natural Gas Industry, 2007,27(9):1-6.
[32] Moridis G J, Kowalsky M B, Pruess K. HydrateResSimusers manual:A numerical simulator for modeling the behavior of hydrates in geologic media[R]. Berkeley:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2005.
[33] Genuchten M T. A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1980,44(5):892-898.
[34] Stone H L. Probability model for estimating Three-phase relative permeability[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1970,22(2):214-218.
[35] 杨国坤,蒋国盛,刘天乐,等.控温自修复微胶囊的制备及在水合物地层固井水泥浆中的应用[J].材料导报,2021,35(2):32-38.
YANG Guokun, JIANG Guosheng, LIU Tianle, et al. Analysis on preparation of temperature controlled self-repairing microcapsules and its application in cement slurry for hydrate formation[J]. Materials Review, 2021,35(2):32-38.
[36] 杨国坤,汪爱明,尹舒婷,等.水合物地层低热固井水泥浆用相变微胶囊的制备及应用[J].钻探工程,2021,48(3):118-124.
YANG Guokun, WANG Aiming, YIN Shuting, et al. Preparation and application of phase change microcapsules for low heat cement slurry for well cementing in hydrate formation[J].Drilling Engineering, 2021,48(3):118-124.
[37] 张俊斌,李彬,金颢,等.深水水合物层固井低水化热水泥浆体系研究及应用[J].中国海上油气,2020,32(1):119-124.
ZHANG Junbin, LI Bin, JIN Hao, et al. Study and application of a low hydration heat cement slurry system for the cementing of deepwater hydrate layer[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2020,32(1):119-124.
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 30
- PDF下载数: 6
- 施引文献: 0
下载: