Evaluation on Grouting Reinforcement Effect of Water-rich Sand Tunnel：Take the Sandy Tunnel of Zhengzhou Metro Line 7 as An Example
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摘要:
在地质环境日趋复杂和恶劣的工程背景下，注浆加固的质量要求越来越高，建立科学合理的注浆效果评价体系，具有重要的理论意义和研究价值。针对注浆量核算法、检查孔分析法、P-Q-t曲线法及地球物理探测法等工程中应用较广泛的注浆效果检测方法，通过抽取一、二级影响因素确立层次评价体系，并结合专家意见与实际工况构建了注浆效果评价数学模型。然后基于模糊数学的基本原理，将权向量作为评价因素的权重进行量化，通过矩阵运算实现了模糊现象的数学表达，完成了砂土隧道注浆效果的准确评价。最后结合郑州地铁7号线砂土隧道，通过模糊评价综合分析，认为注浆效果等级达到良好等级（B）。隧道实际开挖期间，未出现任何形式的水文、地质干扰，表明评价方法科学高效，可为其他工程施工提供指导或参考。
Abstract:In the increasingly complex and harsh geological environment, the quality requirements of grouting reinforcement are getting higher and higher. It is of great theoretical significance and research value to establish a scientific and reasonable grouting effect evaluation system. Aiming at the grouting effect detection methods widely used in projects such as grouting amount accounting method, inspection hole analysis method, P-Q-t curve method and geophysical detection method, the hierarchical evaluation system is established by extracting the primary and secondary influencing factors, and the mathematical model for grouting effect evaluation is built based on expert opinions and actual working conditions; Then, based on the basic principle of fuzzy mathematics, the weight vector is quantified as the weight of evaluation factors, and the mathematical expression of fuzzy phenomenon is realized through matrix operation, so as to complete the accurate evaluation of grouting effect in sandy soil tunnels; Finally, combined with the sand tunnel of Zhengzhou Metro Line 7, through the comprehensive analysis of fuzzy evaluation, it is considered that the grouting effect grade is good. During the actual excavation of the tunnel, there is no hydrological and geological interference in any form, which indicates that the evaluation method is scientific and efficient and can provide guidance or reference for other engineering construction.
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表 1 单孔注浆量统计（m3）
Table 1. Single hole grouting quantity statistics（m3）
A1-A5 A6-A10 A31-A35 A36-A40 A66-A70 A91-A95 A96-A100 A115-A120 A135-A140 A135-A140 27.4 25.9 41.1 39.1 29.9 30.9 29.1 27.4 28.4 27.9 31.7 33.7 35.7 37.7 34.8 35.4 34.8 33.3 33.8 30.3 37.6 28.4 35.2 27.9 40.1 39.1 40.3 29.1 41.2 29.3 35.7 33.1 36.1 33.1 32.8 34.4 30.8 37.8 30.7 30.8 35.7 37.9 34.8 35.8 38.1 37.1 39.1 31.1 34.6 38.5 
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表 2 检查孔涌水量统计分析
Table 2. Statistical analysis of water inflow from inspection hole
号别 孔位深度（m） 单点涌水量（m3/h） 平均涌水量（L/（min·m）） 号别 孔位深度（m） 单点涌水量（m3/h） 平均涌水量（L/（min·m）） D1 26 1.10 0.90 D11 27 0.90 0.30 D3 25 0.20 0.08 D13 25 0.10 0.02 D5 27 0 0 D15 26 0 0 D9 28 0.80 0.10 D17 27 0 0
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表 3 单因素模糊评价矩阵
Table 3. Single factor fuzzy evaluation matrix
评价指标 因素权重（A/B/C/D） 评价指标 因素权重（A/B/C/D） 总注浆量 0.25 0.50 0.15 0.10 P-t 特征 0.50 0.25 0.15 0.10 地层契合度 0.20 0.60 0.15 0.05 Q-t 特征 0.35 0.25 0.30 0.10 涌水量 0.10 0.50 0.30 0.10 地质雷达法 0.30 0.20 0.40 0.10 取心率 0.15 0.45 0.30 0.10 TEM 法 0.05 0.35 0.50 0.10
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表 4 模糊评价等级划分
Table 4. Fuzzy evaluation level
等级 指标取值 工程表现 等级 指标取值 工程表现 A 0＜T≤0.1 注浆加固完全达到预期设想 C 0.3＜T≤0.6 需做二次处理以预防工程事故 B 0.1＜T≤0.3 发生工程事故的可能性很小 D 0.6＜T≤ 1 注浆失败，需重新设定预案
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