Volcanic Rock Assemblage, Stratigraphic Attribution and Geological Significance of Volcanic Reservoir in Kebai Fault-trough in Karamay: Constraints from Well Gu 66
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摘要:
克百断槽始于克拉玛依市北的克北断裂,NE向延伸并被大侏罗沟断裂、盆缘断裂、克-百断裂围限。火山岩储层是该断槽内的主要储层,其层位时代无据、层序不清、归属不明。笔者通过对克百断槽古66井242.14~800.18 m井段详细的岩心编录、测井曲线岩电识别及关键层位火山岩锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结果表明:古66井242.14~800.18 m井段是被两层陆源粗碎屑岩(标志层)分隔的3套火山岩建造,于玄武安山岩中获得(304±3)Ma和(303±2)Ma的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄,其岩石组合、时代、层序、地层厚度均与井北缘哈山一带哈拉阿拉特组建组剖面C2h1~C2h3岩段总体可对比。古66井所处的克百断槽是一个四周被断层围限的相对独立火山岩型储层断槽油气藏,这一油气藏新类型丰富了西准噶尔盆内油气藏类型。同时,该断槽具有向南西延伸的构造条件、储层类型和圈闭样式,因而是后续扩大油气勘探的新靶区。
Abstract:The Kebai fault-trough originates from the Kebei fault at the southwest end and extends northeastward, intersected by the Dazhuluogou fault, which begins in the northern region of Karamay City. It is bounded by the basin-edge fault on its northwest edge and the Kebai fault on its southeast edge. The primary reservoirs within this fault-trough are composed of volcanic rock. However, the stratigraphic allocation, age, and sequence of these volcanic rocks remain uncertain. This study employs a comprehensive approach involving detailed core logging, lithodensity identification using well logging curves, and zircon U-Pb dating of key volcanic rock layers within the interval of 242.14~800.18 m in the well Gu 66, located within the Kebai fault-trough. The results of our investigation reveal the following insights: The interval from 242.14~800.18 m in the well Gu 66 encompasses three distinct sets of volcanic rock formations, interspersed by two layers of terrestrial clastic rocks functioning as marker beds. Through zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, we determined ages of 304±3 Ma and 303±2 Ma for the andesite in the well Gu 66. The rock composition, ages, stratigraphy, and thickness of these formations show notable similarity to the C2h1~C2h3 sections of the Hala’alate Formation profile situated in the northern edge of the Hashan region. The Kebai fault-trough, hosting the well Gu 66, represents a distinctive fault-trough characterized by volcanic rock reservoirs, enclosed by surrounding fault structures. This novel type of hydrocarbon reservoir expands the repertoire of oil and gas reservoir types found in the western Junggar. Furthermore, the fault-trough exhibits structural attributes, reservoir characteristics, and trap styles that extend southwestward, rendering it a promising new target area for forthcoming oil and gas exploration.
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图 1 研究区构造位置图(a)(据王韬等,2022修)、克拉玛依–乌尔禾地区地质简图(b)、克百断槽过古66-金3-金龙3井和过古34-555井地震剖面(c)及克百断槽和推测储油断槽示意图(d)
Figure 1.
图 5 古66井与哈拉阿拉特山建组剖面哈拉阿拉特组柱状对比图(据佟丽莉,2023修)
Figure 5.
表 1 准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭纪地层格架表
Table 1. Carboniferous stratigraphic framework of the northwestern margin of the Junggar basin
组 岩石组合 时代依据 阿腊德依克赛组C2al “下碎屑岩上火山岩”层序(下段以正常沉积岩为主,上段以火山岩为主)。上段火山岩中熔岩总体多于火山碎屑岩 Athyriscircularis,Roemeriporellajunggarensis,Linoproductuscora,Neospiriferfasciger;
(303.8±2.4) Ma(向坤鹏等,2015a)哈拉阿拉特组C2h 下部以气孔状玄武岩为主,向上见安山岩,上部以玄武质角砾岩、集块岩为主。以深灰色、灰绿色区别于红色调的成吉思汗山组。本组与包古图组、希贝库拉斯组的区别是层序上总休下熔岩上火山碎屑岩;火山喷发旋回极为发育与有别于成吉思汗山组火山岩 Balakhoniasilimica sp.,Kotorginella tentoria,Stenoscismamazhalaica,Rhomobopora sp.
Declinognathoduscf. noduliferous;
(306.9±5.5 )Ma和(304.5±3.1)Ma(李甘雨等,2015)成吉思汗山组C2c 宏观露头以“暗红色、紫褐色”色调最为特色,正常沉积的细、粗碎屑岩均有发现。本组有别于包古图组、希贝库拉斯组的一个重要特征是灰岩层相对较厚,产出较为稳定,且多有生物化石,火山岩相对较发育,岩性以玄武岩为主 Choristites sp.,Pseudotimania sp.;LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄319~310 Ma(向坤鹏等,2013;Zhi et al., 2020) 希贝库拉斯组C1x 以粗碎屑类为主,主要岩石组合为岩屑粗砂岩、含砾粗岩、含砾凝灰质砂岩,局地见细砾岩,偶见砾岩夹层或砾岩透镜体,本组区别于包古图组的主要标志是“粗”并且“三无”(无火山熔岩、无灰岩、无硅质岩) 碎屑锆石年龄最年轻值322 Ma(孙羽等,2014) 包古图组
C1b以细碎屑岩为主,这是有别于区内其他各组重要标志,主要岩石组合为粉砂岩、细砂岩、凝灰岩,基本层序多为厘米级小层序,火山熔岩(以(玄武)安山岩为主,局地有玄武岩,硅质岩、灰岩均呈夹层状产于包古图组内 Gigantoproductuscf. edelburgensis,Linoproductuspraelongatus,Asterpylorus sp.,Rotiphyllumsokolovi
LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄347~328 Ma(安芳等,2009;佟丽莉等,2009;郭丽爽等,2010;Zhi et al., 2021b)表 2 古66井玄武安山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析结果统计表
Table 2. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb analysis results of basaltic andesite in well Gu 66
样号 同位素比值 同位素年龄 232Th
(10−6)238U
(10−6)Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 比值 σ 比值 σ 比值 σ 年龄 σ 年龄 σ 年龄 σ G66-4-2TW 4-2TW-1 0.0533 0.0012 0.3550 0.0066 0.0483 0.0008 342 19 308 5 304 5 307 535 0.57 4-2TW-2 0.0536 0.0012 0.3581 0.0071 0.0485 0.0008 353 20 311 5 305 5 327 427 0.77 4-2TW-3 0.0539 0.0012 0.3516 0.0067 0.0474 0.0008 366 19 306 5 298 5 513 508 1.01 4-2TW-4 0.0517 0.0013 0.3430 0.0073 0.0482 0.0008 270 22 299 6 303 5 129 222 0.58 4-2TW-5 0.0524 0.0014 0.3526 0.0083 0.0488 0.0009 304 25 307 6 307 5 69.5 143 0.48 4-2TW-6 0.0529 0.0012 0.3557 0.0071 0.0488 0.0008 326 20 309 5 307 5 112 276 0.41 4-2TW-7 0.0537 0.0012 0.3567 0.0066 0.0482 0.0008 360 19 310 5 303 5 359 589 0.61 4-2TW-8 0.0534 0.0011 0.3568 0.0065 0.0485 0.0008 347 18 310 5 305 5 353 565 0.63 4-2TW-9 0.0521 0.0012 0.3521 0.0067 0.0490 0.0008 292 19 306 5 308 5 446 465 0.96 4-2TW-10 0.0520 0.0012 0.3413 0.0066 0.0477 0.0008 284 20 298 5 300 5 288 324 0.89 4-2TW-11 0.0533 0.0011 0.3554 0.0065 0.0484 0.0008 341 18 309 5 305 5 324 567 0.57 4-2TW-12 0.0523 0.0011 0.3439 0.0064 0.0478 0.0008 297 19 300 5 301 5 350 475 0.74 4-2TW-13 0.0535 0.0013 0.3577 0.0073 0.0485 0.0008 350 21 310 5 305 5 162 341 0.48 4-2TW-14 0.0537 0.0013 0.3533 0.0076 0.0477 0.0008 360 22 307 6 300 5 133 214 0.62 4-2TW-15 0.0530 0.0012 0.3520 0.0070 0.0482 0.0008 330 20 306 5 303 5 261 267 0.98 4-2TW-16 0.0530 0.0014 0.3551 0.0082 0.0486 0.0009 329 24 309 6 306 5 102 133 0.77 4-2TW-17 0.0530 0.0011 0.3503 0.0064 0.0479 0.0008 330 19 305 5 302 5 281 467 0.60 4-2TW-18 0.0515 0.0017 0.3373 0.0099 0.0475 0.0009 265 36 295 8 299 5 54.5 78.9 0.69 4-2TW-19 0.0514 0.0012 0.3405 0.0072 0.0481 0.0008 257 22 298 5 303 5 132 193 0.69 4-2TW-20 0.0522 0.0012 0.3518 0.0071 0.0489 0.0008 294 21 306 5 308 5 159 277 0.57 4-2TW-21 0.0541 0.0014 0.3543 0.0080 0.0475 0.0008 376 24 308 6 299 5 127 209 0.61 4-2TW-22 0.0537 0.0016 0.3506 0.0092 0.0474 0.0009 358 29 305 7 298 5 101 124 0.82 4-2TW-23 0.0531 0.0011 0.3554 0.0063 0.0486 0.0008 333 18 309 5 306 5 412 622 0.66 4-2TW-24 0.0528 0.0011 0.3491 0.0064 0.0480 0.0008 320 19 304 5 302 5 341 430 0.79 4-2TW-25 0.0521 0.0011 0.3424 0.0061 0.0477 0.0008 289 18 299 5 300 5 445 616 0.72 G66-10-6TW 10-6TW-1 0.0521 0.0015 0.3475 0.0087 0.0484 0.0008 290 29 303 7 305 5 118 138 0.85 10-6TW-2 0.0516 0.0019 0.3435 0.0116 0.0483 0.0009 268 46 300 9 304 5 74.9 92.9 0.81 10-6TW-3 0.0524 0.0015 0.3490 0.0083 0.0484 0.0008 301 27 304 6 304 5 163 172 0.95 10-6TW-4 0.0532 0.0014 0.3513 0.0073 0.0479 0.0007 337 22 306 6 302 5 139 197 0.70 10-6TW-5 0.0514 0.0013 0.3454 0.0071 0.0488 0.0008 258 22 301 5 307 5 221 285 0.78 10-6TW-6 0.0532 0.0019 0.3551 0.0111 0.0484 0.0008 338 40 309 8 305 5 60.9 82.9 0.73 10-6TW-7 0.0519 0.0015 0.3461 0.0084 0.0484 0.0008 279 28 302 6 305 5 144 147 0.98 10-6TW-8 0.0496 0.0013 0.3357 0.0074 0.0491 0.0008 174 25 294 6 309 5 120 212 0.57 10-6TW-9 0.0527 0.0012 0.3520 0.0066 0.0485 0.0007 315 19 306 5 305 5 374 353 1.06 10-6TW-10 0.0522 0.0015 0.3450 0.0081 0.0480 0.0008 294 27 301 6 302 5 130 134. 0.97 10-6TW-11 0.0532 0.0020 0.3526 0.0120 0.0481 0.0009 336 46 307 9 303 5 44.3 54.6 0.81 10-6TW-12 0.0522 0.0016 0.3505 0.0089 0.0487 0.0008 295 30 305 7 306 5 247 227 1.09 10-6TW-13 0.0522 0.0012 0.3484 0.0066 0.0484 0.0007 293 20 303 5 305 5 299 384 0.78 10-6TW-14 0.0531 0.0019 0.3480 0.0113 0.0475 0.0008 334 43 303 9 299 5 75.3 99.1 0.76 10-6TW-15 0.0518 0.0013 0.3446 0.0067 0.0483 0.0007 276 21 301 5 304 5 400 360 1.11 10-6TW-16 0.0523 0.0016 0.3475 0.0090 0.0482 0.0008 298 31 303 7 304 5 65.7 114 0.58 表 3 准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山一带哈拉阿拉特组岩石组合特征统计表(据李甘雨等,2016)
Table 3. Rock assemblage characteristics of Hala’alate Formation in Hala'alate Mountain area of northwestern Junggar Basin
组 岩性段 岩性标志 锆石U-Pb年龄 哈拉阿拉
特组(C2h)C2h7 以灰色杏仁状玄武安山质角砾岩、含角砾岩屑凝灰岩为主,顶部见沉凝灰岩夹层 (304±3.5) Ma C2h6 灰绿色安山质-英安质岩屑凝灰岩为主,玄武岩、安山岩多呈夹层状出露 (304±4.3) Ma C2h5 灰绿色安山质-英安质岩屑凝灰岩为主,玄武岩、安山岩多呈夹层状出露 C2h4 灰褐色火山角砾岩、角砾凝灰岩为主,少量岩屑晶屑凝灰岩、玄武岩和安山岩,灰岩透镜体 C2h3 深灰色火山角砾岩为主,少量角砾凝灰岩、岩屑晶屑凝灰岩、火山集块岩,见少量流纹岩 C2h2 灰黑色玄武岩为主,少量细砂岩和细砾岩、玄武安山岩 (305.9±2.0) Ma C2h1 深灰色安山岩为主,夹火山角砾岩、凝灰岩及杂色砾岩,可见少量流纹岩 (306.0±2.0) Ma 表 4 克-百油田区泥盆系—石炭系不同层位试油气结果统计表
Table 4. Oil and gas testing results in different layers of the Devonian-Carboniferous in the Kebai oilfield area
井号 井深(m) 试油 岩性 层位 井号 井深(m) 试油 岩性 层位 古66 662~686 干层 安山岩 C2h2 433 2122 ~2144 油层 火山角砾岩 C2al 518~538 干层 火山角砾岩 C2h2 2047 ~2059 油层 泥岩 C2al 472~496 干层 含砾砂岩 C2h3 1976 ~1992 间喷油层 火山角砾岩 C2al 326~348 油层 砾岩 C2h3 1765 ~1831 间喷油层 砂岩 C2al 古131 1654 ~1670 干层 角砾熔岩 C2h3 古99 884.4~904.4 油层 凝灰岩 C1b 1600 ~1616 干层 角砾熔岩 C2h3 795.4~835.4 油层 气孔杏仁玄武岩 C1b 1546 ~1560 干层 角砾熔岩 C2h3 767.4~779.4 干层 砂岩 C1b 古81 1180 ~1206 油层 凝灰岩 C2h1 731~746 干层 砂岩 C1b 1135 ~1163 油层 凝灰岩 C2h1 古96 1212 ~1218 油层 砂岩 C2al 1098 ~1108 油层 玄武岩 C2h1 1235 ~1244 干层 砂岩 C2al 1078 ~1086 油层 火山集块岩 C1b 1330 ~1350 干层 砂岩 C2al 1060 ~1086 油层 凝灰岩 C1b 1408 ~1423 油层 砾岩 C2al 古31 470~480 干层 砂岩 C1b 1533 ~1554 干层 砂岩 C2al 430~480 干层 砂岩 C1b 1565 ~1589 水层 砂岩 C2al 258~280 水层 砂岩 C1b 438 2566 ~2588 干层 火山角砾岩 C2h2 白17 1694 ~1724 油层 气孔杏仁玄武岩 C2h3 2420 ~2438 干层 角砾凝灰岩 C2h2 1814 ~1834 油层 含角砾玄武岩 C2h3 1742 ~1778 水层 玄武岩 C2h3 九浅9 482~508 水层 凝灰岩 D3h 1975 ~1987 干层 凝灰岩 C2h3 256~270 水层 砂岩 D3h 1469 ~1487 油水同层 玄武岩 C2h3 白29 1911 ~2149 油层 火山集块岩 C2h4 1385 ~1410 油层 玄武岩 C2h3 980~ 1200 油层 火山角砾岩 C2h6 白29 1911 ~2149 油层 火山集块岩 C2h4 克95 831~851 干层 砂岩 C2h5 980~ 1200 油层 气孔杏仁玄武岩 C2h6 893~904 水层 砂岩 C2h5 克95 831~851 干层 砂岩 C2h5 白杨1 4592 ~4620 水层 玄武安山岩 C2h1 893~904 水层 粉砂岩 C2h5 4290 ~4325 油层 凝灰岩 C2h3 金龙3 2925 ~2935 稠油层 火山角砾岩 C2h1 3246 ~3258 水层 凝灰岩 C2h6+7 581 3257 ~3277 干层 火山角砾岩 C2h7 2726 ~2828 水层 砂岩 C2al 2342 ~2361 气层 凝灰岩 C2al 古50 1637 ~1652 干层 火山角砾岩 D3h 3025 ~3044 干层 砂泥岩 C2al 1535 ~1550 干层 火山角砾岩 D3h 2278 ~2294 气层 砂岩 C2al 1370 ~1402 干层 砂岩 C1b 2241 ~2257 气层 砂岩 C2al 1031 ~1050 干层 砂岩 C1b 2342 ~2360 气层 砂岩 C2al 830~870 干层 砂岩 C1b 2415 ~2434 干层 角砾凝灰岩 C2al 白919 575~597 油层 角砾凝灰岩 C1b 2341 ~2360 气层 砂岩 C2al 古15 1114 ~1125 干层 砂岩 C1b 4208 ~4212 干层 玄武岩 C2al 1046 ~1065 干层 砂岩 C1b 3442 ~3488 油水同层 玄武岩 C2al 1880 ~1910 水层 砂泥岩 C1b 3281 ~3286 油水同层 火山角砾岩 C2al 1670 ~1730 干层 砂岩 C1b 1544 ~1571 干层 玄武岩 C1b -
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