DETECTION OF GROUNDWATER CONDUITS BY INTEGRATED GEOPHYSICAL METHODS
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摘要: 尽管充电法需要充电点，但对已知进口或出口的浅埋藏地下水流通道，追踪其走向，该法具有简单、直观、快速的优点.自然电位法对隐伏的地下流体表现突出，但干扰异常多，不易分辨.充电法和自然电位法均可对异常进行定性判断，但不能很好确定地下水流通道的空间分布特征.高密度电法可获得近地表较为精细的空间电性分布.对断层控制下形成的地下水流通道，宜采用浅层地震反射法.当场地受限，探测深度大，需要精细探测时，可采用跨孔电磁波透视.但高密度电法、浅层地震反射法、跨孔电磁波透视法不能对异常进行定性判断.结合探测实例，考虑不同的地质条件和探测成本，对如何选择最佳的组合方法来探测地下水流通道，确定异常性质及其空间分布特征进行了探讨.Abstract: When an intake or an outfall of a shallow buried groundwater conduit exists, it is a simple, direct and fast way to trace its direction with the mise-a-la-masse method, even though the charging current position is needed. The selfpotential method is good at buried underground flow prospecting, but with too much noise and low resolution. Although lacking for detecting the spatial distribution of groundwater conduits, both mise-a-la-masse and self-potential methods can estimate anomalous features. High density resistivity method can obtain detailed spatial resistivity distribution near the surface. It is wise to introduce shallow seismic reflection method to the exploration of buried groundwater conduits controlled by faults. In case of limited surveying site, great prospecting depth and demanded high resolution, the crosshole electromagnetic wave-penetrating method is suggested in prospecting. However, high density resistivity, shallow seismic reflection and cross-hole electromagnetic wave-penetrating methods cannot give qualitative results to the anomalies. With prospecting examples, this paper shows how the optimum combination of prospecting methods is selected in the detecting of groundwater conduits and defining of the anomalous features and spatial distributions in different geological conditions and prospecting costs.
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