GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PROSPECTING POTENTIAL OF KANUNKA COPPER-COBALT DEPOSIT IN LUALABA, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
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摘要:
刚果卢阿拉巴省隶属于非洲板块克拉通，该区发育了世界著名的加丹加弧形铜成矿带，康隆卡铜矿即产于该成矿带上.在资料系统收集和二次分析的基础上，结合大量的野外勘探工作，系统厘定康隆卡铜矿矿体特征、矿石类型、围岩蚀变特征，分析地层、构造对成矿的控制，结合物探工作，总结铜矿成矿规律.研究表明：1）矿床中矿石矿物以孔雀石、蓝铜矿、黑铜矿等次生氧化矿物为主，矿石结构以自形-他形粒状结构为主，矿石构造主要为多孔构造、角砾状构造、浸染状构造；2）罗安群木瓦夏组层状白云质砂岩（RSF）及蜂窝状硅质白云岩（RSC）为康隆卡铜矿重要的赋矿层位，矿（化）体层控性质显著；3）构造在空间上与成矿显示出密切联系，坎苏祁（Kansuki）断裂、次级断裂及褶皱构造共同控制着含矿层位，为矿质运移、沉淀、叠加提供场所，初步认为康隆卡铜矿为沉积-热液改造型铜钴矿床；4）结合物探工作成果及找矿标志，NE向次级构造所对应的矿致异常深部具有矿（化）体富集、膨大趋势，找矿潜力良好，矿区内民采遗迹、南部矿点均为找矿工作重点.
Abstract:Lualaba Province in the Democratic Republic of Congo is part of African Craton, where the world-famous Katanga copper metallogenic arc belt is developed, and the Kanunka copper deposit is occurred in the belt. Based on systematic data collection and secondary analysis, with extensive field work, the paper discusses the orebody characters, ore types and wall rock alteration of Kanunka copper deposit, analyzes the control of stratum and structure on mineralization, and summarizes the metallogenic regularity of copper deposit combined with geophysical prospecting. The results show that the ore minerals in the deposit are mainly secondary oxidized minerals such as malachite, azurite and tenorite, with the idiomorphic-xenomorphic granular ore texture and porous, brecciated and disseminated ore structures. The lamellar dolomitic sandstone (RSF) and honeycomb siliceous dolomite (RSC) are important ore-bearing horizons, with obvious stratabound ore/mineralized bodies. Structures are closely related to mineralization in space. The Kansuki fault with secondary faults and folds jointly control ore-bearing horizons, providing place for mineral migration, precipitation and stacking. It is preliminarily considered that Kanunka copper deposit is of sedimentary-hydrothermal reformation Cu-Co type. Combined with the geophysical exploration results and prospecting indicators, there is a tendency of enrichment and expansion of ore/mineralized bodies with good prospecting potential under the mineralized anomaly by the NE-trending secondary structure.
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表 1 矿体特征表
Table 1. Features of orebodies
矿体 赋存层位 形态 产状 规模/m 品位/% 矿化 I-1 西山RSF成矿带 层状、板状 170°∠30° 长40，宽5~6 0.306 强铁锰染、弱钴土矿化、孔雀石化 I-3 孔德龙古群泥质粉砂岩 薄膜状、层状 170°∠30° 长72，厚1~2 0.734 孔雀石化、铁锰染 I-4 矿区西北部 薄膜状、层状 170°∠31° 长30，宽1~2 孔雀石化、铁锰染 II-1 II区 层状、板状 170°∠72° 长100~150，宽8~10 2.27 孔雀石化、硅孔雀石化、蓝矾 II-2 II区 层状、板状 170°∠72° 长60~80，宽2~5 孔雀石化、硅孔雀石化 
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