MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICIFIED WOOD IN YANQING DISTRICT OF BEIJING
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摘要:
通过X射线荧光、红外光谱和X射线衍射等检测方法分析了延庆硅化木的矿物学特征.结果表明：2个不同植物种属但在同一埋藏地形成硅化木标本成因相似，其颜色与所含元素种类及含量密切相关.X射线衍射分析表明，不同颜色和植物种属的硅化木主要组成物相一致，为SiO2，其他矿物极其微量.2个硅化木标本的红外吸收谱带基本一致，均显示典型的石英质玉石红外吸收光谱，且含有少量吸附水.偏光显微镜下显示2个硅化木标本的主要矿物成分均为隐晶质石英.延庆土城子组硅化木的沉积环境为较浅的湖沼沉积，当时处于半干旱-半湿润的气候条件下，并伴随火山活动.
Abstract:The mineralogical characteristics of silicified wood in Yanqing are analyzed by the test methods of X-ray fluorescence (XRF), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the samples of silicified wood of two different plant species but formed in the same burial site are of similar origin, and their colors are closely related to the types and contents of elements in the silicified wood. The XRD analysis indicates that the main compositions of silicified wood with different colors and plant species are consistent, i.e. SiO2, with small traces of other minerals. The infrared absorption bands of the two silicified wood specimens are basically the same, showing typical quartzite jade infrared absorption spectrum and containing a small amount of adsorbed water. The main mineral composition of the two specimens are cryptocrystalline quartz under the polarized microscope. The sedimentary environment of silicified wood in Tuchengzi Formation of Yanqing was shallow lacustrine deposit in semiarid-semihumid climate, accompanied by volcanic activity.
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Key words:
- silicified wood /
- mineralogy /
- XRF /
- infrared adsorption spectrum /
- X-ray diffraction /
- Yanqing District of Beijing
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表 1 标本DYSYQGHM-1的X射线荧光光谱分析SQX计算结果
Table 1. XRF spectral analysis results of specimen DYSYQGHM-1
序号 组分 结果 检测限 1 C 2.54 0.02031 2 N 0.220 0.05880 3 O 54.5 0.35155 4 Na 0.0405 0.00323 5 Mg 0.0374 0.00433 6 Al 0.153 0.00202 7 Si 41.9 0.00899 8 P 0.0036 0.00082 9 S 0.0362 0.00109 10 Cl 0.0115 0.00295 11 K 0.0235 0.00092 12 Ca 0.364 0.00113 13 Mn 0.0253 0.00172 14 Fe 0.154 0.00136 15 Ni 0.0049 0.00086 16 Zn 0.0034 0.00066 17 Sr 0.0018 0.00041 单位: %(质量分数); 分析方法: C-U-20. 
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表 2 标本DYSYQGHM-2的X射线荧光光谱分析SQX计算结果
Table 2. XRF spectral analysis results of specimen DYSYQGHM-2
序号 组分 结果 检测限 1 C 3.92 0.02186 2 N 0.197 0.06159 3 O 53.9 0.35014 4 Na 0.0422 0.00316 5 Mg 0.0353 0.00429 6 Al 0.154 0.00202 7 Si 41.3 0.00888 8 P 0.0035 0.00073 9 S 0.0394 0.00106 10 K 0.0312 0.00091 11 Ca 0.168 0.00110 12 Mn 0.0140 0.00174 13 Fe 0.249 0.00140 14 Ni 0.0020 0.00088 15 Sr 0.0011 0.00041 16 Ba 0.0196 0.00474 单位: %(质量分数); 分析方法: C-U-20.
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表 3 标本DYSYQGHM-1的XRD衍射分析结果
Table 3. XRD results of specimen DYSYQGHM-1
序号 衍射角2θ/(°) 晶面间距d/Ả 背底强度 衍射峰强度 相对强度/% 半高宽 1 20.781 4.2709 232 8125 18.7 0.182 2 26.562 3.3531 243 43471 100 0.181 3 36.48 2.461 104 2804 6.4 0.2 4 39.383 2.2861 110 2776 6.4 0.212 5 40.221 2.2403 103 1311 3 0.195 6 42.38 2.1311 107 1907 4.4 0.209 7 45.721 1.9828 108 1342 3.1 0.186 8 50.061 1.8206 118 4868 11.2 0.226 9 54.8 1.6738 89 1504 3.5 0.219 10 55.242 1.6615 88 648 1.5 0.287 11 59.9 1.5429 93 2928 6.7 0.248 12 63.959 1.4545 76 603 1.4 0.226 13 67.697 1.3829 102 1798 4.1 0.317 14 68.062 1.3764 150 2650 6.1 0.627 15 68.221 1.3736 164 2536 5.8 0.519
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表 4 标本DYSYQGHM-2的XRD衍射分析结果
Table 4. XRD results of specimen DYSYQGHM-2
序号 衍射角2θ/(°) 晶面间距d/Ả 背底强度 衍射峰强度 相对强度/% 半高宽 1 20.837 4.2595 270 8766 19.5 0.19 2 26.618 3.3461 298 45016 100 0.193 3 36.519 2.4585 125 2925 6.5 0.202 4 39.438 2.283 119 3167 7 0.201 5 40.278 2.2373 115 1264 2.8 0.223 6 42.438 2.1283 101 2135 4.7 0.218 7 45.778 1.9805 79 1507 3.3 0.277 8 50.118 1.8186 123 4898 10.9 0.247 9 54.822 1.6732 86 1343 3 0.372 10 55.301 1.6598 106 637 1.4 0.331 11 57.226 1.6085 74 76 0.2 0.219 12 59.937 1.5421 92 3079 6.8 0.274 13 63.982 1.454 85 558 1.2 0.255 14 65.664 1.4207 94 113 0.3 0.163 15 67.7 1.3829 99 1865 4.1 0.456 16 68.1 1.3757 152 2634 5.9 0.674 17 68.241 1.3732 97 2560 5.7 0.592
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