APPLICATION OF SURFACE MICROSEISMIC MONITORING TECHNOLOGY IN FRACTURING EFFECT EVALUATION OF SHALE OIL HORIZONTAL WELL: A Case Study of SYY-2HF Well
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摘要:
地面微地震监测是评价水平井压裂效果的有效手段.采用矩形观测系统、高灵敏度检波器深浅结合埋置、覆土耦合压实的采集技术，在2000 m之下的松页油2HF井水平段泥页岩储层中获得明显的压裂微地震信号.利用数据归一化、噪声压制、速度建模、震源定位等关键处理技术，有效提高了泥页岩储层低频信号成像精度.采用高精度反演定位解释技术，客观真实地评价了松页油2HF井的压裂效果，并提出压裂优化建议.
Abstract:Surface microseismic monitoring is an effective method to evaluate the fracturing effect of horizontal well. By adopting the rectangular observation system, shallow-depth embedment and soil-covering coupling compaction acquisition techniques of high sensitivity geophones, obvious fracturing microseismic signals are obtained in shale reservoir in the horizontal interval of SYY-2HF well below 2000 m. The application of key processing technology including data normalization, noise suppression, velocity modeling and seismic source localization has effectively improved the imaging precision of low-frequency signals in shale reservoir. Through high-precision inversion positioning and interpretation technology, the paper objectively evaluates the fracturing effect of SYY-2HF well and puts forward suggestions for fracturing optimization.
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Key words:
- microseismic monitoring /
- fracturing /
- shale oil /
- horizontal well /
- Songliao Basin
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表 1 检波器和采集器性能参数
Table 1. Performance parameters of geophone and collector
检波器参数信息 采集器参数信息 自然频率/Hz 4.5×(1±7.5%) 频带宽度/Hz 0.033~150 灵敏度/(V/m·s-1) 100×(1±5%) 自噪声水平 整个频段低于NHNM曲线; 10 s~10 Hz低于NLNM曲线 动态范围/dB 110 时间稳定度(GPS+北斗定位授时)/s 5×10-7 阻尼系数 0.55~0.65 整机功耗/mW 免交互工作模式, < 150@100 sps; Ethernet工作模式, < 700@100 sps 非线性畸变值 失真度≤ 0.9% 采样率/ms 2、5、10、50 线圈电阻/Ω 3800×(1±5%) 数据格式 2 bit或MSD(可转为SAC、PSD等格式) 
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表 2 松页油2HF井有效压裂区域及主裂缝特性
Table 2. Effective fracturing zones and major fracture features of SYY-2HF well
压裂段 主缝长度/m 裂缝方向 破裂面积/m2 造缝评价 第一段 141 SE22° 13002 带状缝 第二段 196 NE9° 20193 带状缝 第三段 153 SE29° 18384 带状缝 第四段 213 SE19° 19563 带状缝 第五段 170 SE25° 20152 带状缝 第六段 271 NE43° 34202 带状缝 第七段 259 NE36° 28950 带状缝 第八段 219 NE12° 27712 带状缝 第九段 213 NE36° 22467 带状缝 第十段 228 NE73° 31430 带状缝
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