FRACTURING LAYER SELECTION FOR VERTICAL WELL IN LACUSTRINE SHALE MATRIX RESERVOIR: A Case Study of SYY3 Well in Sanzhao Sag of Songliao Basin
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摘要:
湖相泥页岩基质储层是中国页岩油赋存的主要载体, 相对于夹层型和裂缝型储层更难被压裂改造和实现工业开发, 因而压裂层位的选择至关重要. 本文以松辽盆地三肇凹陷松页油3井为例, 建立了一套湖相泥页岩基质储层直井压裂选层方法. 通过录井、测井解释优选出青山口组一段中的Ⅰ类页岩油层, 对Ⅰ类页岩油层的电性、物性、含油气性、烃源岩性、脆性、可压性6项指标进行综合分析, 基于上述6项指标, 利用层次分析法对所有Ⅰ类页岩油层进行综合排序, 确定了27、25和23号层为最有利页岩油层. 松页油3井针对上述页岩油层进行了压裂试油, 实现了三肇凹陷页岩油工业油流突破, 证实选层方法可行有效, 可推广应用于湖相基质型页岩油的甜点层优选和水平井部署.
Abstract:The lacustrine shale matrix reservoir is the main carrier for shale oil in China, but it is more difficult for fracturing reformation and industrial development compared with interlayered and fractured reservoirs. Therefore, the selection of fracturing layers is of vital importance. Taking the SYY3 well in Sanzhao sag of Songliao Basin as an example, the paper establishes a set of fracturing layer selection method for vertical wells in lacustrine shale matrix reservoir. First, the Type Ⅰ shale oil reservoir in the 1st member of Qingshankou Formation in SYY3 well is optimized by well logging and interpretation data. Then 6 indicators including electrical property, physical property, oil-gas possibility, source rock lithology, brittleness and fracability of Type Ⅰ shale oil reservoir are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the comprehensive ranking of Type Ⅰ shale oil reservoir is conducted by analytic hierarchy process based on the above 6 indicators, and Nos. 27, 25 and 23 layers are determined as the most favorable shale oil reservoirs. Fracturing and oil testing of the above shale oil reservoirs are performed in SYY3 well, which has achieved a breakthrough in the industrial oil flow of shale oil in Sanzhao sag. It is proved that the method is feasible and effective, and can be applied to the optimization of sweet spot layer and horizontal well deployment of lacustrine matrix shale oil.
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Key words:
- fracturing /
- analytic hierarchy process /
- shale oil /
- matrix reservoir /
- lacustrine shale /
- Qingshankou Formation /
- Songliao Basin
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表 1 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层电性特征表
Table 1. Electric parameters for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 井段/m 厚度/m 声波时差/（μs/m） 补偿中子/pu 密度/（g/cm3） 地层真电阻率/Ωm 19 1978.4~1989.5 11.1 373.4 24.9 2.42 6.7 21 1999.0~2005.0 6.0 371.4 26.1 2.41 6 22 2005.0~2014.0 9.0 357 24.5 2.44 6.6 23 2014.0~2026.1 12.1 384.5 26.5 2.41 7.3 25 2034.4~2048.3 13.9 384 26.8 2.38 16 26 2048.3~2054.3 6.0 387 27.4 2.41 10.3 27 2054.3~2056.5 2.2 353.4 20.5 2.46 7.4 
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表 2 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层物性特征表
Table 2. Physical parameters for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 孔隙度/% 渗透率/mD 19 7.7 0.244 21 7.7 0.225 22 7.0 0.150 23 8.3 0.330 25 8.1 0.300 26 6.6 0.135 27 8.2 0.315
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表 3 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层含油气性特征表
Table 3. Oil-gas bearing possibility for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 含油饱和度/% S1/10-3 全烃值/% 19 30.2 7.6 1.16 21 26.0 6.0 1.17 22 22.9 5.8 0.91 23 37.6 5.9 0.96 25 30.2 9.0 2.00 26 4.1 9.9 2.97 27 28.9 8.6 1.78
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表 4 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层烃源岩特征数据表
Table 4. Source rock characteristics for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 TOC/% Ro/% Tmax/℃ 19 3.6 0.84 445.09 21 3.5 0.87 445.61 22 2.5 0.88 446.08 23 4.6 0.89 445.28 25 4.5 0.94 449.48 26 3.0 0.98 445.40 27 5.1 0.97 449.67
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表 5 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层矿物含量及脆性指数表
Table 5. Mineral content and brittleness index for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 黏土矿物/% 石英/% 长石/% 方解石/% 铁白云石/% 黄铁矿/% 脆性指数/% 19 40.7 22.5 24.9 7.2 2.9 1.8 33.2 21 47.3 23.0 21.1 4.4 2.8 1.4 30.6 22 42.5 22.6 20.3 9.9 3.2 1.4 36.3 23 43.5 22.2 22.5 5.6 4.8 1.5 33.0 25 39.9 25.2 20.5 9.1 3.6 1.7 38.5 26 45.0 29.3 15.7 4.6 4.2 1.3 38.5 27 35.8 31.8 18.9 10.3 1.4 1.7 44.3
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表 6 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层可压性表
Table 6. Fracturing indexes for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
解释层号 泊松比 杨氏模量/104 MPa 破裂压力/MPa 19 0.31 1.33 40.91 21 0.31 1.28 41.79 22 0.31 1.39 42.27 23 0.29 1.27 40.23 25 0.29 1.26 40.88 26 0.30 1.23 42.20 27 0.29 1.23 40.89
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表 7 松页油3井青一段压裂选层参数归一化数据表
Table 7. Normalized parameter of fracturing layer selection in the 1st member of Qingshankou Formation in SYY3 well
层号 电性归一化值 物性归一化值 含油气性归一化值 烃源岩性归一化值 脆性归一化值 可压性归一化值 19 0.55 0.81 0.63 0.52 0.52 0.58 21 0.59 0.78 0.53 0.58 0.44 0.49 22 0.42 0.59 0.47 0.48 0.61 0.54 23 0.69 1.00 0.60 0.75 0.51 0.70 25 0.93 0.94 0.76 0.85 0.67 0.65 26 0.79 0.52 0.65 0.76 0.67 0.48 27 0.91 0.97 0.71 0.98 0.84 0.62
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表 8 压裂选层指标重要性表
Table 8. Importance ranking of fracturing layer selection indicators
指标 属性 重要性 含油气性 反映储层中原油的性质和含量，是物质基础 最重要 烃源岩性 反映油层的生烃潜力 极其重要 物性 反映储层的储集空间和渗流能力 非常重要 电性 间接反映储层的孔隙度和含油气性特征 比较重要 脆性 影响压裂造缝效果 一般重要 可压性 反映储层能否被有效改造 稍微重要
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C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C1 1 1/2 1/4 1/3 3 4 C2 2 1 1/3 1/2 4 5 C3 4 3 1 2 6 7 C4 3 2 1/2 1 5 6 C5 1/3 1/4 1/6 1/5 1 2 C6 1/4 1/5 1/7 1/6 1/2 1
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表 9 压裂选层各项指标权重
Table 9. Weight coefficient of fracturing layer selection indicators
指标 电性 物性 含油气性 烃源岩性 脆性 可压性 权重 0.0968 0.1674 0.3864 0.2583 0.0514 0.0397
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表 10 松页油3井青一段Ⅰ类页岩油层压裂选层有利性分析表
Table 10. Favorability analysis of fracturing layer selection for the K2qn1 shale oil reservoir of Type Ⅰ in SYY3 well
层号 电性加权归一化值 物性加权归一化值 含油气性加权归一化值 烃源岩性加权归一化值 脆性加权归一化值 可压性加权归一化值 压裂选层有利性 排名 19 0.0532 0.1349 0.2330 0.1353 0.0265 0.0232 0.6061 5 21 0.0575 0.1300 0.1979 0.1491 0.0226 0.0195 0.5767 6 22 0.0405 0.0980 0.1753 0.1244 0.0311 0.0214 0.4907 7 23 0.0666 0.1680 0.2288 0.1938 0.0263 0.0276 0.7111 3 25 0.0897 0.1566 0.2816 0.2188 0.0345 0.0257 0.8069 2 26 0.0762 0.0869 0.2387 0.1957 0.0346 0.0192 0.6514 4 27 0.0877 0.1623 0.2640 0.2539 0.0433 0.0248 0.8359 1
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