Extraction of remote sensing mineralization alteration information and delineation of prospecting potential areas based on Crosta technique: A case study of Yichun area in Xiaoxinganling Mountains
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摘要:
以Landsat8 OLI遥感数据为基础数据源，以ASTER和ALOS数据为解译底图，采用目视解译的方法，对小兴安岭伊春地区地层、线性构造、环形构造进行解译. 以蚀变围岩的“诊断光谱”为理论依据，结合波段比值和主成分分析法提取羟基和铁染蚀变信息，并结合密度分割对主分量划分蚀变等级. 对照遥感解译的断裂构造、环形构造和蚀变矿化信息进行综合分析，从遥感角度圈定成矿有利部位，以供野外找矿参考.
Abstract:Based on the Landsat8 OLI remote sensing data, with ASTER and ALOS data as the interpretation base maps, this study interprets the strata, and linear and ring structures in Yichun area, Xiaoxinganling Mountains, by visual interpretation. Guided by the theory of diagnostic spectra for altered wall rocks, the hydroxyl alteration and ferric contamination anomaly information are extracted with band ratio and principal component analysis(PCA). The alterations in principal components are graded by density slicing. Through comprehensive analysis of remote sensing interpreted faults, ring structures and alteration-mineralization information, potential mineralization areas are delineated from the perspective of remote sensing to provide references for field prospecting.
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表 1 铁蚀变和羟基蚀变的波谱依据
Table 1. Spectral basis of iron alteration and hydroxyl alteration
离子或基团 特征波谱波长位置 对应OLI波段 异常提取依据 典型矿物 反射峰/μm 吸收谷/μm Fe3+ 0.65~0.75，1.50~1.70 0.48~0.50，0.86 Band2、4、5、6 利用Band2、5的吸收特征和Band4、6的反射特征 磁铁矿、赤铁矿、褐铁矿、黄钾铁矾 OH- 0.5，1.55~1.60 0.86，2.10~2.30 Band2、5、6、7 利用Band2、6的反射特征和Band5、7的吸收特征 高岭石、绿泥石、黑云母、角闪石、绿帘石 
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表 2 Band 2、5、6、7主成分分析特征向量矩阵
Table 2. Eigenvector matrix of Bands 2, 5, 6 and 7 based on principal component analysis
特征向量 Band2 Band5 Band6 Band7 PC1 -0.471045 -0.815558 -0.328754 -0.070023 PC2 -0.694435 0.577303 -0.409652 -0.129094 PC3 0.543477 0.031790 -0.818103 -0.185283 PC4 -0.022575 0.023989 -0.234122 0.971649
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表 3 Band 2、4、5、6/5主成分分析特征向量矩阵
Table 3. Eigenvector matrix of Bands 2, 4, 5 and 6/5 based on principal component analysis
特征向量 Band2 Band4 Band5 Band6/5 PC1 -0.415745 -0.651497 -0.634592 -0.000244 PC2 -0.417582 -0.483116 0.769560 -0.000940 PC3 -0.807948 0.584933 -0.071200 0.001729 PC4 0.000903 -0.001624 0.000691 0.999998
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