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摘要:
钢铁冶金过程产生大量的冶金尘泥，为研究冶金尘泥的组成特点和处置技术，论文分析了不同粉尘中的Fe、Ca和C等有价成分的组成特点和资源化利用技术。结果表明：冶金尘泥的利用方式和组成关系密切，一般来说和原料组成相差较小的冶金尘泥，其利用方式多以直接回工序利用为主，对于含杂质组成较多的冶金尘泥，直接回工序利用会导致杂质组成在冶炼过程中的循环富集，必须采用去杂质技术将尘泥中的杂质去除，可以结合杂质在尘泥中的物理化学特性，采用湿法冶金或火法冶金工艺进行杂质去除后再进行利用。
Abstract:The metallurgical process of iron and steel produces a large amount of metallurgical dust and mud. In order to study the composition characteristics and disposal technology of metallurgical dust, the composition characteristics and resource utilization technology of Fe, Ca and C valuable components in different dust were analyzed. The results show that the utilization mode and composition of metallurgical sludge are closely related. Generally speaking, the utilization mode of metallurgical sludge with small difference between raw material composition and raw material composition is mainly direct recycling process. For metallurgical sludge containing more impurities, direct recycling will lead to the cyclic enrichment of impurities in the smelting process. Impurity removal technology must be used to remove impurities in the sludge. Combined with the physical and chemical characteristics of impurities in the sludge, hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes can be used to remove impurities and reuse.
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Key words:
- metallurgical dusts /
- composition /
- disposal /
- resource utilization
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表 1 国内外烧结烟气污染物控制标准
Table 1. Control standards of sintering flue gas pollutants at home and abroad
Pollutants Australia Germany China Ordinary
limitsExceptional
limitsSO2 mg/m3 200 500 200 180 NOx mg/m3 100 400 300 300 PM mg/m3 10 20 50 40 Dioxins ng-TEQ/m3 0.1 0.1~0.4 0.5 0.5 
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表 2 国内外焦化烟气污染物控制标准
Table 2. Control standards for coking flue gas pollutants at home and abroad
Pollutants World Bank
(2001)Germany China Ordinary limits Exceptional limits Coke pushing PM mg/m3 20~50 5.0 50 30 SO2 mg/m3 500 350 50 30 Coke chimney PM mg/m3 20~50 10 30 15 SO2 mg/m3 500 250 50~200 40 NOx mg/m3 750 500 200~500 150 Dry quenching PM mg/m3 20~50 15 50 30 SO2 mg/m3 500 350 100 80 Facilities for burning gas PM mg/m3 20~50 20 30 15 SO2 mg/m3 500 350 50 40 NOx mg/m3 750 350 200 150
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表 3 冶金尘泥的化学组成
Table 3. The composition of metallurgical dusts
Procedure Type Composition mass ratio/% TFe CaO C ZnO (Na+K)2O Sinter Dust removal in silo 23~30 28~31 2~5 Head dust removal 28~55 2~9 0.5~2.5 0~1.5 6~30 Tail dust removal 45~55 8~17 1~3 0.1~0.5 Ironmelting Dust removal in silo 54~56 6~9 1~3 Gravity dust removal 36~53 2~3 15~34 0.2~0.5 0.3~1.2 Gas ash 22~30 2~5 19~26 0.5~3 0.5~1.5 Gas sludge 33~45 2~7 18~23 0.5~3 0.5~1.5 Dust removal from iron yard 48~65 1~9 2~3 0.5~1.5 Steel-making Dust removal in silo 0.35 68.66 1.83 Converter dry dust Removal 59~64 12~17 1~2 Converter dust 54~61 14~18 2~3 Converter dust removal 36~51 13~16 3~4
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