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摘要:
固体废弃物石膏的再利用和高强高性能石膏材料的开发一直是国内外学者研究的热点。以脱硫建筑石膏、水泥和矿渣为主要原料,掺加化学外加剂、化工废石膏和硫酸钙晶须,制备出石膏-水泥-矿渣复合材料。研究聚羧酸高效减水剂和柠檬酸缓凝剂、化工废石膏和硫酸钙晶须的掺量对该复合材料力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:聚羧酸高效减水剂和柠檬酸缓凝剂在石膏基复合材料中的最佳掺量分别为1.0%和0.08%。当煅烧化工废石膏掺量为12%时,石膏基复合材料的7 d抗折和抗压强度分别为3.7 MPa和12.0 MPa,其中抗压强度比空白样还高了0.1 MPa。当硫酸钙晶须的掺量增加到3%时,掺有煅烧化工废石膏的石膏基复合材料的28 d抗折强度为8.2 MPa,28 d抗压强度为31.5 MPa,其值和未掺化工废石膏和硫酸钙晶须试样的力学性能相当。
Abstract:The reuse of solid waste gypsum and the development of high strength and performance gypsum materials have always been the focus of domestic and foreign scholars. Gypsum-cement-slag composite materials were prepared by adding chemical additives, chemical waste gypsum and calcium sulfate whisker as main raw materials of desulfurization building gypsum, cement and slag. The effects of the content of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer and citric acid retarder, chemical waste gypsum and calcium sulfate whisker on the mechanical properties of the composites were researched. The results showed that the optimum dosages of polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer and citric acid retarder in gypsum matrix composites are 1.0% and 0.08%, respectively. When the content of calcined chemical waste gypsum is 12%, the 7 d flexural strength and compressive strength of gypsum matrix composites are 3.7 MPa and 12.0 MPa, respectively. The compressive strength is 0.1 MPa higher than that of the control sample. When the calcium sulfate whisker content increases to 3%, the 28 d flexural and compressive strength values of gypsum-based composites with calcined waste gypsum are 8.2 and 31.5 MPa, which are equivalent to the mechanical properties of samples without waste gypsum and calcium sulfate whisker.
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Key words:
- additives /
- chemical waste gypsum /
- calcium sulfate whisker /
- composites /
- mechanical properties
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表 1 试验用主要原材料
Table 1. the raw materials for testing
药剂名称 规格 颜色及形态 生产厂家 脱硫建筑石膏 - 白色,粉末状 陕西华阴东方茗石膏生产有限公司 水泥 P·O 42.5 灰色,粉末状 铜川声威特种水泥有限公司 矿渣 S95 灰色,粉末状 铜川声威特种水泥有限公司 化工废石膏 - 黄褐色,粉末状 自制 柠檬酸 - 白色,颗粒状 天津市红岩化学试剂厂 聚羧酸减水剂 - 黄色,液体状 西安建大特钢制品有限公司 硫酸钙晶须 长径比为50左右 白色,棉絮状 自制 表 2 原料主要化学成分
/% Table 2. the chemical constituents of raw materials
SO3 CaO SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MgO Na2O K2O 烧失量 脱硫建筑石膏 48.77 37.22 2.17 0.72 0.30 1.30 0.02 0.01 6.21 水泥 1.98 62.55 22.01 4.02 2.57 3.14 0.05 0.44 4.63 矿渣 1.57 45.22 32.88 11.33 1.77 2.72 0.03 0.26 0.60 化工废石膏 33.34 23.34 - - 28.31 - - - 15.00 -
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