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类锂电池体系在盐湖提锂中的研究进展

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黄江江, 何利华, 唐忠阳. 类锂电池体系在盐湖提锂中的研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2020, 40(5): 1-9. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.05.001
引用本文: 黄江江, 何利华, 唐忠阳. 类锂电池体系在盐湖提锂中的研究进展[J]. 矿产保护与利用, 2020, 40(5): 1-9. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.05.001
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HUANG Jiangjiang, HE Lihua, TANG Zhongyang. Research Progress on Lithium Battery-class System for Lithium Extraction from Brine[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(5): 1-9. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.05.001
Citation: HUANG Jiangjiang, HE Lihua, TANG Zhongyang. Research Progress on Lithium Battery-class System for Lithium Extraction from Brine[J]. Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources, 2020, 40(5): 1-9. doi: 10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2020.05.001
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类锂电池体系在盐湖提锂中的研究进展

  • 中南大学 冶金与环境学院，湖南 长沙 410083

  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目（51934010）；中南大学"创新驱动"人才计划（2020CX026）；湖南省自然科学基金面上项目（2019JJ40377）
详细信息
    作者简介: 黄江江(1995-), 男, 湖南长沙人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事盐湖提锂研究, E-mail:173511046@csu.edu.cn
    通讯作者: 何利华(1986-), 男, 江西新余人, 博士, 中南大学副教授/硕导, 主要从事盐湖提锂、电化学冶金与电池电化学研究, E-mail:helihua@csu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TF826+.3

Research Progress on Lithium Battery-class System for Lithium Extraction from Brine

  • School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China

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    摘要

  • 随着新能源汽车产业的迅速发展，锂及其化合物的需求量日益增长。世界锂资源中的65%都赋存于盐湖卤水中，从盐湖卤水中选择性提锂越来越受到人们的重视，实现盐湖卤水中锂的绿色、高效提取是新能源汽车产业和锂工业可持续发展的必然选择。锂离子电池材料由于其过渡金属的可氧化还原和锂的可逆循环脱嵌特性，越来越多地被用于盐湖提锂，由此开发出了系列不同的提锂新技术。该综述主要介绍了由不同锂离子电池正极材料所构成的盐湖卤水提锂体系的工作原理、工艺参数和提锂性能，并对利用锂离子电池正极材料从盐湖卤水中选择性提锂的发展及其应用前景进行了展望。

    As a result of the rapid development of the new energy material industry, the demand for lithium and its related compound sharply raised. As 65% of the lithium resources are restored in salt lake brine world widely, selectively extraction of lithium from salt lake brine has been treated valuable by the industry. It is necessary to make sure new energy industry and Lithium industry to become sustainable development industry by gain the technology of extract lithium from salt lake brine efficiently and eco-friendly. By drawing on the working principle of lithium-ion batteries, a wide variety of technologies for lithium extraction from salt lake brines using lithium-ion battery cathode materials has been developed. According to this paper, the following concept is covered: the working principle, process parameters and lithium extraction performance of lithium extraction system from salt lake brine composed of different lithium-ion battery cathode materials, as well as the development of selective extraction of lithium from salt lake brine using lithium-ion battery cathode materials and its application prospects have prospected.

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  • 图 1  锰酸锂电池原理示意图[6]

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  不同电极材料在水溶液中的稳定性[7]

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  (a) 锰酸锂电极体系盐湖提锂原理示意图[10]；(b)锰酸锂在不同溶液中循环伏安曲线[11]；(c)锰酸锂在循环过程中不同形态XRD图谱[12]；(d)锂离子嵌入锰酸锂晶格[13]

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  锰酸锂—活性炭体系盐湖提锂装置示意图[14]。其中(1)为活性碳电极，(2)为阴离子交换膜，(3)为尼龙垫圈，(4)λ-MnO2电极

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  (a) 提锂循环原理示意图[17]；(b)磷酸铁锂和磷酸铁的表面改性[18]；(c)20%聚多巴胺涂层对磷酸铁界面性能的影响[18]；(d)5%聚多巴胺涂层对磷酸铁界面性能的影响[18]

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  NCM材料在纯锂溶液，含锂以及不含锂的混合溶液的循环伏安曲线[22]

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  (a) 盐湖提锂装置结构图[7]；(b)不同阶段的电极材料XRD图谱[26]；(c)磷酸铁锂材料在不同镁锂比下锂离子的循环伏安曲线[7]；(d)离子在阴极上嵌入计时电位曲线[7]；(e)离子在阳极上脱出的计时电位曲线[7]

    Figure 7. 

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收稿日期:  2020-09-02
刊出日期:  2020-10-25

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