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摘要:
研究了超声波作用下黄铁矿的浮选行为。结果表明，在磨矿细度为-0.074 mm占57%、丁基黄药200 g/t、起泡剂20 g/t的浮选最佳条件下，在超声波频率为135 kHz和功率为100 W时可以使黄铁矿回收率提高13.86%。通过超声波浮选和常规浮选的动力学分析发现，高频超声波对-150+100μm粒级的黄铁矿影响最大，使回收率提高了7.54%；对该粒级的试验数据利用五个动力学模型拟合可知，一阶经典模型的拟合效果最好，动力学方程可分别表示为超声波浮选：ε=26.27[1-exp（-0.601t）]、常规浮选：ε=18.01[1-exp（-0.671t）]。利用SEM分析发现，超声波主要通过对黄铁矿表面的清洗作用，去除了表面罩盖的矿泥等脉石矿物，提高了黄铁矿的回收率。
Abstract:This paper studies the flotation behavior of pyrite under the action of ultrasound.The results show that under the best conditions of flotation with a grinding fineness of-0.074 mm accounting for 57%, 200 g/t butyl xanthate, and 20 g/t foaming agent, the ultrasonic frequency is 135 kHz and the power is 100 W can increase the recovery rate of pyrite by 13.86%. The results of ultrasonic flotation and standard flotation showed that the high frequency ultrasonic treatment had the greatest influence on the flotation of pyrite of -150 μm+100 μm size fraction, and the recovery was improved by 7.54%. Five kinetic models are used to fit the experimental data of this particle size. The results show that the classical first-order flotation kinetic model gave excellent fits to the experimental data, and the description of kinetic equation is ultrasonic treatment flotation: ε=26.27[1-exp(-0.601 t)], standard flotation: ε=18.01[1-exp(-0.671 t)], respectively SEM analysis showed that the recovery of pyrite was improved mainly by the cleaning of surface.
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Key words:
- ultrasonic treatment /
- pyrite /
- flotation kinetics /
- surface cleaning
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表 1 原矿主要化学成分分析
Table 1. The analysis results of chemical multi-element
/% 元素 Cu S Fe Co TiO2 Al2O3 CaO K2O 含量 0.23 14.51 20.32 0.072 0.34 6.57 9.87 1.35 元素 Na2O F Pb Zn As Mn C SiO2 含量 0.21 0.023 0.54 0.223 0.003 0.34 1.5 15.8 
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表 3 超声波处理对黄铁矿浮选动力学的影响
Table 3. Effect of the ultrasonic treatment on the flotation recovery of pyrite
模型1 模型2 模型3 模型4 模型5 k, min-1 ε∞/% R2 k, min-1 ε∞/% R2 k, min-1 ε∞/% R2 k, min-1 ε∞/% R2 k, min-1 ε∞/% R2 常规浮选 0.671 18.01 0.990 2 1.249 20.80 0.983 8 1.539 22.96 0.975 0 0.650 22.96 0.975 0 1.262 25.70 0.969 7 超声波浮选 0.601 26.27 0.992 5 1.097 30.61 0.987 5 1.799 34.20 0.980 4 0.556 34.20 0.980 4 1.058 38.63 0.976 2
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