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摘要:
晶质石墨精矿中石墨鳞片尺寸及质量决定其在新兴战略性领域的利用价值，但在碎磨过程中鳞片容易遭到破坏，如何高效保护大鳞片是晶质石墨矿物加工利用研究的关键问题。分析和比较了石墨粗选前高压辊磨超细碎和球磨粗磨两种碎磨机理下产品特性及对鳞片保护的影响，同时对比了再磨时立式搅拌磨螺旋式、圆盘式、叶轮式、棒式四种类型搅拌装置对石墨鳞片保护的效果，指出高压辊磨和立式搅拌磨联合配置在石墨矿山将会有更好的工业应用前景。
Abstract:The utilization value of crystalline graphite concentrate in emerging strategic fields is determined by scale size and quality, but the scales are easily damaged during the crush and grinding process. How to effectively protect large scale is the key problem in the research of crystalline graphite mineral processing. The paper analyzes and compares the characteristics of the product and its influence of two crushing mechanisms of high-pressure grinding roller (HPGR) ultra-fine and ball mill (BM) coarse-grinding on the flake protection before roughing. Meanwhile, the study on the protection of graphite flake was compared with four types of vertical regrinding agitators such as helical screw, rotor disc, impellers and pins. It is pointed out that the combination of high-pressure grinding roller and vertical agitation mill will have a superior industrial application prospect in the graphite mine.
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设备 粒度分布 表面粗糙度 比表面积/(m2·g-1) 接触角(吸附煤油后) 表面形貌 高压辊磨机 粒级范围宽，主要集中在粗粒级 69.21 1.13 108.0° 石墨表面尖锐和存有很多微裂纹，脉石矿物颗粒暴露在石墨表面或边缘处 球磨机 各粒级分布均匀 58.99 0.98 97.3° 颗粒表面裂纹丰富，脉石夹杂在石墨片层间 
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设备 原矿特性 工艺流程 精矿 品位/% 回收率/% 筛分粒级产率/% +0.27 mm -0.27+0.15 mm -0.27+0.15 mm -0.15 mm 球磨机 该矿石墨片层发育完好，与石英、褐铁矿及方解石矿物密切共生。原矿固定碳含量为3.35%，石墨粒径为20~1 500 μm, 石墨矿物体积占比约为10% 球磨产品、高压辊磨产品分别经一粗一精一扫后，粗精矿均经过三段再磨三段精选流程 96.71 99.16 13.91 48.75 16.13 21.21 高压辊磨机 97.62 97.43 9.01 41.59 19.21 30.20 高压辊磨产品经一粗一精一扫后，粗精矿分质，分质产品分别经一磨两精、两磨两精流程 96.89 97.12 23.79 48.32 12.00 15.89
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搅拌器 螺旋式 圆盘式 叶轮式 棒式 模拟仿真图 
注：螺旋式、棒式：速度等值图；圆盘式、叶轮式：(左)速度等值图，(右)速度矢量图。
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表 4 不同类型搅拌装置石墨立式搅拌磨再磨设备对比[29, 31-40]
Table 4. The comparison of graphite vertical stirring mill regrinding equipments of different types of stirring devices[29, 31-40]
搅拌器类型 槽体形态 转速/(r·min-1) 研磨介质 介质填充率/% 高径比 磨矿质量浓度/% 石墨精矿碳品位/% 高效磨矿区域 类型 直径/mm 螺旋式 圆柱型 40~80 钢球等 / 30~35 3~8：1 10~25 94~96 螺旋叶片外沿周围及靠近筒壁区域 圆盘式 圆柱型 210 陶瓷球、钢化玻璃球、鹅卵石等 10~30 60~65 1.5~3：1 20~25 85~96 搅拌盘两侧附近及外侧与筒壁之间的狭小区域 叶轮式 立方型 300 陶瓷球、玻璃球等 4~12 35~45 1~1.4：1 18~20 95~97 搅拌器上下两侧及外侧与筒壁之间的环形区域 棒式 圆柱型 218/315 锆球、陶瓷型、砂石等 6~12 20~40 1~2.5：1 20~30 92~97 搅拌棒邻近区域
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