氧化预处理技术在铜钼硫化矿浮选分离中的研究进展

刘曙光; 彭伟军; 王伟; 吕帅; 曹亦俊

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2022.01.006

氧化预处理技术在铜钼硫化矿浮选分离中的研究进展

郑州大学化工学院, 河南郑州 450052

基金项目:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1908804)

详细信息

作者简介: 刘曙光(1996-), 男, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为低品位资源高效加工与利用, E-mail: 3100878340@qq.com

通讯作者: 彭伟军(1986-), 男, 博士, 硕士生导师, 研究方向为低品位矿产资源高效加工与利用、化工选冶固废资源化, E-mail: pwj@zzu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TD923⁺.14;TD952.1

收稿日期: 2022-03-03

刊出日期: 2022-02-25

Research Progress of Oxidation Pretreatment Technology in the Flotation Separation of Copper-molybdenum Sulphide Minerals

School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: PENG Weijun, pwj@zzu.edu.cn

Received Date: 03 March 2022

Publish Date: 25 February 2022

摘要

摘要:
黄铜矿和辉钼矿是两种典型的硫化矿, 其浮选分离一直是业界关注的焦点。硫化矿易氧化, 矿物表面氧化程度和氧化产物类型对其浮选行为有重要影响。黄铜矿、辉钼矿在浮选之前进行氧化预处理, 它们会产生不同程度的氧化和不同类型的氧化产物, 这些原因使矿物的表面原有的性质发生改变, 从而改变矿物固有的浮选行为, 实现黄铜矿和辉钼矿的浮选分离。论文介绍了黄铜矿、辉钼矿的表面特性, 分析了其表面氧化机理, 综述了铜钼硫化矿氧化浮选分离的研究现状, 旨在为铜钼硫化矿物绿色、高效浮选分离提供一定的借鉴。
- 黄铜矿 /
- 辉钼矿 /
- 氧化预处理 /
- 浮选 /
- 铜钼分离 /
- 氧化机理
Abstract:
Chalcopyrite and molybdenite are two typical sulfide minerals, and their flotation separation has always been the focus of the industry. Sulfide minerals are easy to be oxidized, and the degree of mineral surface oxidation and the type of oxidation products have important influences on their flotation behavior. Chalcopyrite and molybdenite undergo oxidation pretreatment before flotation, which will produce different degrees of oxidation and different types of oxidation products. These reasons change the original properties of the mineral surface, so as to change the inherent flotation behavior of minerals and realize the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. This paper introduces the surface characteristics of chalcopyrite and molybdenite, analyzes their surface oxidation mechanism, and summarizes the research status of oxidative flotation separation of copper molybdenum sulfide minerals, in order to provide some reference for green and efficient flotation separation of copper-molybdenum sulfide minerals.
- chalcopyrite /
- molybdenite /
- oxidation pretreatment /
- flotation /
- separation of copper-molybdenum /
- oxidation mechanism

HTML全文

图 1 黄铜矿的晶体结构^[18-19]

Figure 1.

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图 2 辉钼矿的晶体结构^[23]

Figure 2.

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图 3 辉钼矿在10 mmol/L NaCl溶液中的表面和端面的表面电位^[26]

Figure 3.

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图 4 在缩合模型下有钝化层存在时黄铜矿浸出的离子变换过程^[28]

Figure 4.

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图 5 黄铜矿表面界面反应面模型^[37]

Figure 5.

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图 6 (a) 在pH 9和pH 11的0.1 M NaCl中MoS₂层面和端面电极的初始OCP(mV)^[39]；(b)在辉钼矿电极上以1.4 V电压在10 s内进行800 s恒电位试验的结果^[41]

Figure 6.

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图 7 辉钼矿氧化示意图^[42]

Figure 7.

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图 8 (a) 辉钼矿表面和端面接触角图像^[48](接触角使用座滴法测量)；(b)先前研究中的表面和端面的接触角^[48](接触角使用座滴法测量)；(c)不同粒径的辉钼矿的接触角^[50](接触角是用压片法测量的)

Figure 8.

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图 9 黄铜矿和辉钼矿表面氧化机理示意图^[54]

Figure 9.

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表 1 常用的黄铜矿抑制剂

Table 1. Common chalcopyrite inhibitors

常用抑制剂	优点	缺点
硫化物	价格便宜，操作简单	用量大，污染环境
氰化物	用量小，效果好	有剧毒，污染环境
诺克斯	速度快，用量少	易爆炸，产生H₂S
巯基乙酸钠	用量少，效果好	价格昂贵

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