Research on the Flotation Reagent Regime of Jinchuan Copper-Nickel Sulfide Ore in Acidic Medium
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摘要:
金川硫化铜镍矿含镁硅酸盐脉石含量高，泥化后通过异相凝聚和机械夹带影响精矿镍、铜金属的富集。相关研究与国外的工业实践证明，酸性介质浮选能促进含镁硅酸盐脉石的分解，显著提升硫化铜镍矿中有用矿物的回收，降低精矿氧化镁含量。但目前国内相关研究较少，缺乏与酸性介质浮选匹配的药剂体系。对此，以Ni品位0.42%、Cu品位0.32%的金川某生产车间二段浮选给矿为研究对象，研究了酸性介质中适合的新型药剂体系，并利用起泡剂测试装置对比分析了不同起泡剂的性能。试验结果表明，在pH值为4的酸性浮选条件下，以异丁基黄原酸钠为捕收剂、Z-200为辅助捕收剂和松油醇为起泡剂，经过一次粗选两次精选和两次扫选，可获得Ni回收率58.92%、Cu回收率45.60%、Ni品位3.54%和Cu品位2.03%的精矿产品。与现场药剂体系相比，精矿Ni、Cu回收率分别提高了7.54、24.40百分点，MgO含量降低了0.94百分点。新药剂体系全面提升了金川硫化铜镍矿资源综合利用率。
Abstract:The content of magnesium silicate gangue minerals in Jinchuan sulfide copper-nickel ore is high. It affects the enrichment of nickel and copper in concentrates through heterogeneous condensation and mechanical entrainment after grinding. Related researches and foreign industrial practices have proved that acidic medium flotation can promote the decomposition of magnesium silicate gangue minerals, which significantly improved the recovery of useful minerals in copper-nickel sulfide ore and reduced the content of magnesium oxide in concentrates. At present, however, there are few researches on the suitable reagent system for the acidic medium flotation of sulfide minerals in China. To solve this issue, feed of the second stage processing production line of the third flotation plant of Jinchuan Group Co. (Ni and Cu grade of ore was 0.42% and 0.32% respectively) was regarded as the research object. The open circuit flotation tests studied the new reagent system suitable for the acid medium, and compared and analyzed the performance of different frothers by using the foam tester. Under acid flotation condition (pH value = 4), with sodium isobutyl xanthanate (NaIBX) as the collector, O-isopropyl-N-ethylthiocarbamate (Z-200) as the co-collector and terpineol as the frother, after one roughing, two cleaning and two scavenging, the recovery of Ni and Cu are 58.92%, 45.60% and the grade of Ni and Cu are 3.54%, 2.03% respectively. Compared with comparative system (according with industrial process), the recovery of Ni and Cu are increased by 7.54%, 24.40% and the grade of Cu is increased by 0.70%. The new reagent system significantly improved the comprehensive utilization rate of copper-nickel sulfide resources in Jinchuan.
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图 7 不同条件下捕收剂对金属品位和回收率的影响(浮选条件1：pH值为9.8，粗选NaEX/AT 620 80 g/t，ADD 42 g/t，扫选补加捕收剂32 g/t；浮选条件2：pH值为4，粗选NaEX/AT 620 80 g/t，ADD 42 g/t；扫选补加捕收剂32 g/t；浮选条件3：pH值为4，粗选NaIBX 100 g/t，ADD 42 g/t，扫选补加捕收剂40 g/t；浮选条件4：pH值为4，粗选NaIBX 100 g/t，MIBC 15.1 g/t；扫选补加捕收剂40 g/t；浮选条件5：pH值为4，粗选NaIBX 100 g/t，MIBC 15.1 g/t，PNX 12.7 g/t；扫选补加捕收剂40 g/t)
Figure 7.
图 8 NaIBX用量对金属品位和回收率的影响(NaIBX粗选用量分别为50 g/t、75 g/t、100 g/t和125 g/t；NaIBX扫选用量为相应粗选的40%)
Figure 8.
图 11 不同辅助捕收剂对金属品位和回收率的影响(Z-200、EET、EPT、LJX-1、PPX和PNX用量分别为12.7 g/t、11.4 g/t、17.1 g/t、15.6 g/t、13.1 g/t和12.7 g/t)
Figure 11.
图 12 Z-200用量对金属品位和回收率的影响(Z-200用量分别为6.4 g/t、12.7 g/t、19.1 g/t、25.4 g/t和31.8 g/t)
Figure 12.
表 1 矿浆干矿样的主要化学成分
/% Table 1. Chemical composition of dry ore contained in the slurry sample
元素 Ni Cu Fe Co MgO CaO Al2O3 S SiO2 含量 0.42 0.32 14.20 0.02 28.05 1.45 1.63 3.40 27.74 
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表 2 开路浮选试验结果
/% Table 2. The results of bench-scale open circuit tests
浮选体系 产品名称 产率 品位 回收率 Ni Cu MgO Ni Cu MgO 起始pH约等于4;粗选丁黄药75 g/t，2 d松油醇(10 g/t)，2d Z-200(12.7 g/t); 扫选补加黄药30 g/t，1 d松油醇，1 d Z-200 精矿 5.90 3.58 1.70 4.30 43.33 27.76 0.94 1号中矿 11.78 1.27 1.12 19.83 30.70 36.52 8.63 2号中矿 6.12 0.45 0.49 28.89 5.65 8.30 6.53 尾矿 76.20 0.13 0.13 29.81 20.32 27.42 83.91 现场(起始pH约等于9.8，粗选捕收剂NaEX/AT620=7：3 80 g/t，黑药40 g/t); 扫选补加捕收剂32 g/t 精矿 4.54 4.02 1.22 5.50 37.96 15.33 0.92 1号中矿 8.65 1.25 0.71 19.40 22.48 16.99 6.18 2号中矿 4.31 0.97 0.70 21.99 8.68 8.34 3.49 尾矿 82.51 0.18 0.26 29.39 30.88 59.35 89.40
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表 3 闭路循环浮选试验结果
/% Table 3. The results of bench-scale close circuit tests
浮选体系 产品名称 产率 品位 回收率 Ni Cu MgO Ni Cu MgO 起始pH约等于4；第一次循环：粗选NaIBX 75 g/t, Z-200 12.7 g/t，Terp 6.7 g/t; 扫选补加NaIBX 30 g/t。其余四次循环：粗选NaIBX 75 g/t, Z-200 12.7 g/t，Terp 1.6 g/t; 扫选补加NaIBX 30 g/t 精矿 6.08 3.54 2.03 5.84 58.92 45.60 1.28 尾矿 93.92 0.16 0.16 29.25 41.08 54.40 98.72 合计 100.00 0.37 0.37 27.83 100.00 100.00 100.00 现场起始pH约等于9.8；第一次循环：粗选捕收剂NaEX/AT620=7:3 80 g/t，ADD 42 g/t; 扫选补加捕收剂32 g/t。其余四次循环：粗选捕收剂80 g/t, ADD 10.5 g/t; 扫选补加捕收剂32 g/t 精矿 5.13 4.17 1.33 6.78 51.38 21.20 1.24 尾矿 94.87 0.21 0.27 29.16 48.62 78.80 98.76 合计 100.00 0.42 0.32 28.01 100.00 100.00 100.00
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