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摘要:
混维凹凸棒石黏土的主要矿物成分是凹凸棒石，还含有伊利石、绿泥石、高岭石和伊蒙混层黏土等，大多呈现砖红色、灰色或土黄色。由于共存矿物组成相对复杂和色泽较深，混维凹凸棒石黏土过去常常被认为是低品位矿，不具备工业应用价值。随着高纯凹凸棒石黏土资源的快速消耗，自然界中储量更大的混维凹凸棒石黏土高值利用受到了重视。介绍了混维凹凸棒石黏土中黏土矿物含量差异、棒晶发育和类质同晶取代等主要特征，系统总结了在环境污染物吸附、土壤改良与修复、功能复合材料及其结构演化等方面的应用研究现状，从工业潜在应用角度展望了未来研究的重点方向，以期为我国混维凹凸棒石黏土的高效利用提供新视角。
Abstract:The mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay mainly contains attapulgite, which also associates with illite, chlorite, kaolinite and illite-smectite mixed layer clay, etc., and most of the them usually presents brick-red, gray or earth-yellow. Due to the complex mineral components and darker color, the mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay was often considered as the low-grade ores without industrial application value in the past. However, the high-value utilization of mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay with large natural reserves has attracted great attention with the rapid consumption of high-quality attapulgite clay resources. In this paper, the main characteristics of mixed-dimensional attapulgite clay was introduced, including the difference in the content of clay minerals, the growth of rod crystals and isomorphous substitution. Furthermore, the current status of application research was systematically summarized focusing on the adsorption of environmental pollutants, soil improvement and remediation, functional composites and structural evolution. Finally, the key directions of future research were prospected from the perspective of potential industrial applications. It was expected to provide a new perspective for the efficient utilization of mixed-dimensional attapulgite clays in China.
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图 6 （a～b）混维凹凸棒石黏土（MDA）、（c～e）δ-MnO2、（f～o）δ-MnO2/MDA复合材料的扫描电镜和透射电镜图像；（p）δ-MnO2/MDA复合材料降解甲醛的可能机制[74]
Figure 6.
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