新型组合捕收剂对锂云母、钠长石和石英的浮选性能研究

刘文宝; 甘琦强; 刘文刚; 韩聪; 陈猛强

doi:10.13779/j.cnki.issn1001-0076.2023.03.003

新型组合捕收剂对锂云母、钠长石和石英的浮选性能研究

1.
东北大学资源与土木工程学院，辽宁沈阳 110819

2.
贵州科学院，贵州贵阳 550001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（52104250）；贵州省省级科技计划项目资助（黔科合支撑[2023]一般142）

详细信息

作者简介: 刘文宝（1988—），男，博士，副教授; 刘文刚，教授，博士生导师，东北大学资源高效利用与过程仿真研究所所长，辽宁省固废产业技术创新研究院副院长，国家级青年人才计划入选者、辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”青年拔尖人才。主要研究方向为浮选理论与工艺、非金属矿高效利用以及矿山固废资源化。承担省部级以上纵向项目30余项，发表学术论文180余篇，出版教材/专著5部，授权发明专利19项；获绿色矿山科学技术一等奖、辽宁省科技进步二等奖等省部级以上科技奖励7项。现担任国家非金属矿资源综合利用工程技术研究中心技术委员会委员、硼镁资源开发与精细化工技术国家地方联合工程实验室学术委员会委员、辽宁省化工学会资源化工与材料专业委员会副主任委员，任《金属矿山》《矿产保护与利用》《黄金》等期刊编委

通讯作者: 刘文刚（1981—），男，教授，博士，博士研究生导师

中图分类号: TD923⁺.1；TD955

收稿日期: 2023-05-16

刊出日期: 2023-06-15

Study on the Flotation Performance of a New Combined Collector for Lepidolite, Albite and Quartz

1.
School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

2.
Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Wengang

Received Date: 16 May 2023

Publish Date: 15 June 2023

摘要

摘要:
研发新型高效锂云母浮选捕收剂对于我国锂工业的发展具有重要战略意义。以锂云母、钠长石和石英单矿物为研究对象，采用由有机胺类和多官能团羧酸类捕收剂组成的新型阴阳离子组合捕收剂SDI−101，系统考察药剂质量配比、药剂用量、矿浆pH、抑制剂用量等因素对三种单矿物浮选行为的影响，并与传统阴阳离子组合捕收剂（十二胺（DDA）+油酸钠（NaOL））进行对比。通过红外光谱检测、Zeta电位分析、接触角检测、表面张力测量、泡沫性能测试等检测分析手段系统研究了新型组合捕收剂在锂云母表面的吸附方式及作用机理。实验结果表明，在组合捕收剂SDI−101（阳离子与阴离子捕收剂质量比1∶1）用量为500 g/t时，锂云母的回收率超过90%，高于传统组合捕收剂DDA+NaOL的40%，其对锂云母的捕收性能更强，而长石回收率仅为12.5%，石英回收率低于2%，基本不浮。机理研究结果表明，与常规组合捕收剂相比，SDI−101具有良好的泡沫性能，新型组合捕收剂通过疏水缔合共吸附于锂云母表面，同时可减弱吸附时存在的静电斥力，表现出更强的协同作用，提高了捕收剂分子在锂云母表面吸附的数量及稳定性，从而增强了对锂云母的捕收性能。
- 锂云母 /
- 组合捕收剂 /
- 捕收性能 /
- 作用机理 /
- 协同作用 /
- 浮选
Abstract:
The research and development of novel high−efficiency lepidolite collector is of great strategic significance for the development of China's lithium industry. Taking single minerals (lepidolite, albite and quartz) as the research object, a novel type of anionic and cationic combined collector SDI−101 composed of organic amines and multi−functional carboxylic acid collectors was used. The effects of factors such as reagent mass ratio, dosage, pulp pH, and depressant dosage on the flotation behavior of the three single minerals were systematically investigated, and compared with traditional anionic and cationic combined collector (dodecylamine (DDA)+sodium oleate (NaOL)). The adsorption mode and mechanism of the novel combined collector on lepidolite surface were systematically studied by means of infrared spectroscopy, Zeta potential, contact angle, surface tension, foam performance test and other analysis methods. The experimental results showed that when the dosage of combined collector SDI−101 (the mass ratio of cationic collector to anionic collector 1:1) was 500 g/t, the recovery rate of lepidolite was more than 90%, which was higher than 40% of the traditional combined collector DDA+NaOL. The collection performance of lepidolite was stronger, with a feldspar recovery rate of only 12.5% and a quartz recovery rate of less than 2%, which was hardly floating. The mechanism research results showed that, compared with conventional combined collector, SDI−101 had good foam performance. The novel combined collector showed stronger synergistic effects by hydrophobic association co−adsorption on the lepidolite surface and reducing the electrostatic repulsion during adsorption, which could improve the adsorption quantity and stability of collector molecules on the lepidolite surface, and thus enhanced the collection performance of lepidolite.
- lepidolite /
- combination collector /
- collecting property /
- mechanism /
- synergistic effect /
- flotation

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图 1 泡沫性能测试装置

Figure 1.

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图 2 药剂质量配比对单矿物浮选的影响

Figure 2.

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图 3 捕收剂SDI−101用量对单矿物浮选的影响

Figure 3.

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图 4 矿浆pH值对单矿物浮选的影响

Figure 4.

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图 5 六偏磷酸钠用量对单矿物浮选的影响

Figure 5.

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图 6 几种药剂作用前后锂云母接触角变化

Figure 6.

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图 7 几种捕收剂表面张力测量结果

Figure 7.

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图 8 药剂与锂云母作用前（a）与作用后（b）的红外光谱

Figure 8.

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图 9 不同pH条件下锂云母Zeta电位

Figure 9.

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表 1 不同捕收剂的表面参数

Table 1. Surface properties of differrent collectors

捕收剂种类	CMC/(mol·L⁻¹)	γ_CMC/(mN·m⁻¹)	Γ_max/(mol·m⁻²)	A_min/nm²
SDI−101	1.21×10⁻⁴	22.34	4.38×10⁻⁶	0.315
SD	8.91×10⁻³	29.93	0.85×10⁻⁶	1.95
SDI	4.63×10⁻³	34.25	0.526×10⁻⁶	3.79

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表 2 捕收剂质量配比对泡沫性能的影响

Table 2. Effect of collector ratio on foam properties

捕收剂种类	阳/阴离子捕收剂质量比	泡沫层高度/mm	泡沫半衰期/s	泡沫含水量/%
捕收剂SDI−101	2∶1	39	189	54.1
捕收剂SDI−101	1∶1	33	178	49.3
捕收剂SDI−101	1∶2	29	185	52.7
捕收剂DDA+NaOL	2∶1	67	298	71.6
捕收剂DDA+NaOL	1∶1	65	276	68.9
捕收剂DDA+NaOL	1∶2	61	257	67.1

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