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摘要:
我国赤铁矿资源质量不高，嵌布粒度细，伴生大量物理化学性质与铁矿物相近的含铁硅酸盐类脉石矿物，进入铁精矿的二氧化硅含量过高不仅会降低高炉利用率，增加后续冶炼能耗，还会导致碱性造渣溶剂耗量增加，由此赤铁矿与含硅脉石的分离具有重大意义，浮选是目前脱除含硅脉石矿物的主要方法之一。综述了近年来赤铁矿脱硅浮选的研究现状，介绍了赤铁矿资源的分布情况，总结了赤铁矿及其含硅脉石矿物晶体及其表面特征。主要归纳了赤铁矿脱硅浮选捕收剂及调整剂的研究进展，介绍了捕收剂、抑制剂、活化剂的种类和分选机理，总结了各类赤铁矿选矿药剂的优缺点，探讨了赤铁矿脱硅药剂未来的主要研究方向，为难选赤铁矿脱硅浮选提供参考。
Abstract:The quality of hematite resources in China is not high. Its embedded particle size is fine, and a large number of iron−containing silicate gangue minerals with similar physical and chemical properties to iron minerals are associated. The excessive content of silica entering iron concentrate will not only reduce the utilization rate of blast furnace and increase the energy consumption of subsequent smelting, but also lead to the increase of the consumption of alkaline slagging solvent. Therefore, the separation of hematite and silicon−containing gangue is of great significance. Flotation is one of the main methods to remove silicon−containing gangue minerals. This paper reviews the research status of hematite desilication flotation in recent years, introduces the distribution of hematite resources, and summarizes the crystal and surface characteristics of hematite and its silicon−containing gangue minerals. This paper mainly summarizes the research progress of collectors and regulators in hematite desilication flotation, including the types and separation mechanism of collectors, depressants and activators. Meanwhile, it summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various hematite reagents, and discusses the main research directions of hematite desilication reagents in the future, so as to provide reference for the desilication flotation of refractory hematite.
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Key words:
- hematite /
- desiliconization /
- flotation /
- collector /
- depressant
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