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摘要:
辉钼矿具有良好的天然可浮性，大多使用烃油类药剂作捕收剂来进行分离和提纯。随着钼矿资源的开采消耗，辉钼矿粒级变细，面棱比变小，亲水性的“棱”增多。由于烃油类捕收剂对“棱”没有捕收效果，传统烃油类药剂对辉钼矿的捕收能力日渐不足。极性捕收剂中的极性基团可以更有效地吸附在“棱”上，因此研发新型高效的辉钼矿极性捕收剂已成为研究重点。对辉钼矿浮选的新型捕收剂进行了系统评述，介绍了辉钼矿的晶体结构及表面特性、非极性烃油类捕收剂的改性与复配、极性捕收剂对辉钼矿的高效回收、组合捕收剂之间的协同作用以及烃油类捕收剂的乳化。辉钼矿捕收剂的作用特点分析表明，辉钼矿磨碎后表面暴露出非极性的“面”和极性“棱”与捕收剂发生吸附作用。此外，捕收剂在矿浆中的分散能力以及与矿物之间的疏水引力是影响辉钼矿回收的关键因素，可通过增加烃油类捕收剂的分散性来提高其捕收效果。分析前人对辉钼矿浮选药剂作用机理的研究成果，可以为钼资源的高效回收提供参考。
Abstract:Molybdenite has good natural flotability and hydrocarbon oils are often used as collectors for molybdenite purification and enrichment. However, as the molybdenite resources is mined and comsumed, the particle size of molybdenum ore becomes finer, the ratio of basal plane to edge plane becomes smaller and the proportion of hydrophilic edge plane increases. Due to the lack of collecting ability on the edge plane of molybdenite, the collecting ability of traditional hydrocarbon oils becomes gradually insufficient. The polar groups in polar collectors are more effectively to be adsorbed on edge plane. Therefore, the research and development of new high−efficiency polar collectors has become the focus of research. In this study, the novel collectors for molybdenite flotation are systematically reviewed, as well as the crystal structure and surface properties of molybdenite, the modification and compounding of non−polar hydrocarbon oil collectors, the efficient recovery of molybdenite by polar collectors, the synergistic effect between the combined collectors, and the emulsification of hydrocarbons oil collectors are introduced. Additionally, the action characteristics of molybdenite collectors are summarized. Non−polar basal plane and polar edge plane are exposed after the grinding of molybdenite, which can adsorb collectors. In addition, the dispersion ability of collectors in the pulp and the hydrophobic attraction with the minerals are the key factors affecting the recovery of molybdenite. The harvesting effect of hydrocarbon oil collectors can be improved by increasing their dispersion ability. By analyzing the previous research results on the mechanism of molybdenite flotation agents, the aim is to provide a reference for the efficient recovery of molybdenum resources.
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Key words:
- molybdenite /
- crystal structure /
- flotation /
- collectors /
- emulsification /
- mechanism
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