利用X射线衍射和岩矿鉴定等技术研究河南汤家坪钼矿区主要矿物标型特征

周姣花; 汪建宇; 顾茗心; 王真

doi:10.15898/j.cnki.11-2131/td.2015.01.011

利用X射线衍射和岩矿鉴定等技术研究河南汤家坪钼矿区主要矿物标型特征

1.
河南省岩石矿物测试中心, 河南郑州 450012

2.
西部矿业集团有限公司, 青海西宁 810001

基金项目: 河南省科技厅河南省重点实验室专项经费项目"大别山成矿带钼矿区矿物组合及标型矿物空间分布特征与成矿规律关系研究"(122300413221)

详细信息

作者简介: 周姣花, 高级工程师, 主要从事岩矿鉴定、工艺矿物学、成因矿物学研究工作.E-mail:1071732967@qq.com

中图分类号: P618.65;P575.5

收稿日期: 2014-08-12

修回日期: 2014-12-16

录用日期: 2015-01-15

刊出日期: 2015-01-25

The Main Mineral Typomorphic Characteristics of the Henan Tangjiaping Molybdenum District Using X-ray Diffraction and Rock Mineral Identification Technology

1.
Henan Province Rock and Mineral Testing Center, Zhengzhou 450012, China

2.
Western Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xining 810001, China

Received Date: 12 August 2014

Revised Date: 16 December 2014

Accepted Date: 15 January 2015

Publish Date: 25 January 2015

摘要

摘要:
汤家坪钼矿床是2006年探明的一处大型斑岩型钼矿床, 前人用常规地质方法对该矿区基础地质工作和成矿规律研究已比较系统和完整, 认为汤家坪钼矿床属于深源浅成斑岩型钼矿床, 汤家坪花岗斑岩体为矿区钼矿的成矿母岩; 但是没有从矿物学角度来应证这些成矿规律.本文从矿物学角度, 采用分离单矿物进行化学分析、X射线衍射(XRD)及岩矿鉴定等技术, 对汤家坪钼矿区的辉钼矿、黄铁矿、石英、长石4种矿物标型特征(化学组成、微量元素、晶体结构、晶胞参数、结构状态等)进行研究.结果表明:① 该矿区辉钼矿全部是2H型多型变体, 且成分中Re含量很低; 辉钼矿的δ³⁴S值为3.0‰, 硫同位素变化范围小, 接近于陨石硫, 具深源硫的特点, 硫来源于花岗斑岩.② 黄铁矿微量元素以富含Mo、Co、Cu, 贫Ni、Pb、Zn为标型特征, 另外Au、Ag含量低, S/Se大于250000, 与前人"S/Se大于250000~500000的地区不可能找到金矿"的结论相符.③ 石英富含Mo; 成矿期石英脉中δ¹⁸O降低, 表明成矿晚期有少量大气降水参与热液蚀变成矿.④ 长石富含Mo; 轻稀土(La~Nd)含量大于中稀土(Sm~Ho)含量, 也大于重稀土(Er~Y)含量; 钾长石的有序度、三斜度以及结构参数的值均较高, 钾长石结构温度较低, 表明该矿区钾长石为低温状态下的三斜对称的微斜长石, 是热液作用的产物, 岩体钾长石化对钼矿化最为有利.本研究应证了汤家坪钼矿床属于深源浅成斑岩型钼矿床, 对于总结斑岩型钼矿成矿规律、找矿标志有重要意义.
- 汤家坪钼矿 /
- 标型特征 /
- 晶胞参数 /
- 结构状态 /
- 化学分析 /
- X射线衍射法 /
- 岩矿鉴定
Abstract:
The Tangjiaping molybdenum deposit, discovered in 2006, is a large-scale porphyry molybdenum deposit. The studies of its basic geological work and metallogenic regularity have been completed by previous researchers with conventional geological methods. The results showed that the Tangjiaping molybdenum deposit belongs to the plutonic hypabyssal porphyry molybdenum deposit and the Tangjiaping granodiorite porphyry molybdenum mineralization acts as a mother rock mining area. However, there is no proof that the metallogenic regularity is from the perspective of mineralogy. From the mineralogy angle four kinds of typomorphic characteristics (chemical composition, trace elements, crystal structure, lattice parameters, structure etc.) of molybdenite, pyrite, quartz, and feldspar from the Tangjiaping molybdenum mine were studied using the separation of single mineral to chemical analysis, X-ray Diffraction and rock mineral identification technology. The results are: ① the mining area of molybdenite is 2H type, and the content of Re component is very low; the δ³⁴S of molybdenite values is 3.0‰; sulfur isotopic changes in a small range close to the meteorite sulfur with the characteristics of deep source sulfur, indicating that the sulphur is derived from the granite porphyry. ② pyrite is rich in trace elements Mo, Co, Cu, poor Ni, Pb, Zn, in addition, low content of Ag and Au, S/Se is greater than 250000, which is consistent with the 'S/Se more than 250000-500000 area could not find gold' conclusion. ③ quartz is rich in Mo. δ¹⁸O in mineralization quartz veins are lower, showing a small amount of precipitation appeared in the hydrothermal alteration during the later mineralization. ④ feldspar is rich in Mo. Light rare earth (La-Nd) content is higher than that of rare earth (Sm-Ho) content and heavy rare earth (Er-Y) content. Potassium feldspar degree of ordering, triclinic and structure parameter values were higher. Potassium feldspar structure at low temperature, shows that the potassium feldspar in this area is triclinic symmetry microcline at low temperature conditions, and it is the product of hydrothermal activity; rock potash feldspathization characteristics of molybdenum mineralization is the most favorable. The Tangjiaping molybdenum deposit therefore belongs to the plutonic hypabyssal porphyry molybdenum deposit, and this paper has important significance for the summarization of porphyry type molybdenum ore metallogenic regularity and prospecting marks.
- Tangjiaping molybdenum /
- typomorphic characteristics /
- lattice parameters /
- structure state /
- chemical analysis /
- X-ray Diffraction /
- rock mineral identification

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图 1 矿石类型

Figure 1.

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图 2 钾长石结构参数与保留结构状态的温度之间的关系

Figure 2.

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表 1 辉钼矿单矿物微量元素分析结果

Table 1. Analytical results of trace elements in molybdenite single minerals

化学成分	含量(10^-6)	化学成分	含量(10^-6)
Re	9.53	W	40.4
Se	0.55	Pt	0.00211
Te	1.19	Pd	0.05693

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表 2 辉钼矿晶胞参数测量结果

Table 2. Measurement results of molybdenite lattice parameters

样品编号	晶胞参数a₀(Å)	晶胞参数c₀(Å)	z
ZP-03	3.153	12.301	2
ZP-04	3.150	12.295	2
ZP-06	3.152	12.282	2
ZP-08	3.155	12.309	2
D-01	3.154	12.306	2
2H型理论值	3.15	12.30	2
3R型理论值	3.16	18.33	2

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表 3 黄铁矿单矿物元素分析结果

Table 3. Analytical results of single minerals pyrite

化学成分	含量(10^-6)	化学成分	含量(10^-6)
Fe(10^-2)	46.25	Cu	3405
S(10^-2)	52.59	Ag	6.64
Co	503	Au	3.66
Ni	59.7	Pb	97.2
As	36.1	Zn	28.9
Se	0.27	Mo	326
Sb	0.30

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表 4 黄铁矿晶胞参数测量结果

Table 4. Measurement results of pyrite lattice parameters

序号	晶胞参数 a₀(Å)	z
0-1	5.417	4
D-01	5.418	4
ZP-01	5.421	4
ZP-02	5.413	4
ZP-03	5.399	4
ZP-04	5.426	4
ZP-05	5.416	4
理论值	5.417	4

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表 5 石英单矿物元素分析结果

Table 5. Analytical results of quartz single minerals

化学成分	含量(10^-2)	化学成分	含量(10^-2)
SiO₂	99.80	TiO₂	0.032
Mo	68.80×10^-4	Al₂O₃	0.025
W	4.88×10^-4	TFe	0.084

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表 6 汤家坪矿区钼矿石氢氧同位素分析结果

Table 6. Analytical results of hydrogen and oxygen isotope of Tangjiaping molybdenum ore mines

成矿阶段	岩石组合	δD_V-SMOW (‰)	δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW (‰)	测试对象
Ⅱ-2	辉钼矿-石英脉	-76	9.2	石英
Ⅱ-2	辉钼矿-石英脉	-79	9.3	石英
Ⅱ-2	辉钼矿-石英脉	-79	9.6	石英
Ⅱ-2	辉钼矿-石英脉	-80	9.0	石英
Ⅱ-3	石英-萤石脉	-84	11.1	石英
Ⅱ-1	石英-钾长石脉	-58	8.6	石英

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表 7 石英晶胞参数测量结果

Table 7. Measurement results of quartz lattice parameters

序号	晶胞参数 a₀(Å)	晶胞参数 b₀(Å)	晶胞参数 c₀(Å)	z
0-1	4.914	-	5.405	3
D-01	4.915	-	5.406	3
ZP-01	4.912	-	5.406	3
ZP-02	4.903	-	5.393	3
ZP-03	4.913	-	5.403	3
ZP-04	4.911	-	5.403	3
ZP-05	4.906	-	5.397	3
α-石英理论值	4.91	-	5.41	3
α-磷石英理论值	8.74	5.04	8.24	8
α-方石英理论值	4.97	-	6.93	4

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表 8 长石单矿物微量元素和稀土元素分析结果

Table 8. Analytical results of trace elements and rare earth elements in feldspar single minerals

化学成分	含量(10^-6)	化学成分	含量(10^-6)
Mo	66.1	Eu	0.55
W	11.2	Gd	2.07
Cu	9.71	Tb	0.25
Pb	19.5	Dy	1.12
Zn	23.4	Ho	0.21
La	24.7	Er	0.62
Ce	41.4	Tm	0.10
Pr	4.54	Yb	0.70
Nd	15.2	Lu	0.13
Sm	2.20	Y	5.42

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表 9 碱性长石晶胞参数测量结果

Table 9. Measurement results of alkali feldspar lattice parameters

样品编号	晶胞参数 a₀(Å)	晶胞参数 b₀(Å)	晶胞参数 c₀(Å)	α	β	γ	z
0-1	8.567	12.970	7.221	90.43	116.00	88.48	4
D-01	8.553	12.979	7.226	90.66	116.18	87.80	4
ZP-01	8.604	13.006	7.223	90.54	116.15	88.63	4
ZP-02	8.604	13.000	7.221	89.97	115.98	89.82	4
ZP-03	8.546	12.983	7.231	90.60	116.21	87.90	4
ZP-04	8.617	12.991	7.226	90.59	116.04	88.16	4
透长石理论值	8.60	13.03	7.18	90	116.00	90	4
正长石理论值	8.562	12.996	7.193	90	116.09	90	4
微斜长石理论值	8.54	12.97	7.22	90.65	115.93	87.65	4

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表 10 斜长石晶胞参数测量结果

Table 10. Measurement results of plagioclase lattice parameters

样品编号	晶胞参数 a₀(Å)	晶胞参数 b₀(Å)	晶胞参数 c₀(Å)	α	β	γ	z
0-1	8.142	12.785	7.159	94.19	116.61	87.68	4
D-01	8.145	12.802	7.164	94.27	116.60	87.81	4
ZP-01	8.146	12.818	7.217	94.08	117.37	87.81	4
ZP-02	8.157	12.901	7.207	93.82	117.31	88.59	4
ZP-03	8.151	12.815	7.131	94.26	116.22	87.88	4
ZP-04	8.155	13.017	7.109	94.21	116.54	87.93	4
钠长石理论值	8.135	12.788	7.154	94.22	116.52	87.70	4
钙长石理论值	8.177	12.877	14.169	93.17	115.85	91.22	8

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表 11 钾长石X射线粉晶衍射数据及相关参数

Table 11. The X-ray powder diffraction data and related parameters of potassium feldspar

项目	D-01	0-1	ZP-01	ZP-03	ZP-04	ZP-05
2θ₀₆₀	41.639	41.683	41.664	41.644	41.651	41.646
2θ_-204	50.471	50.440	50.529	50.462	50.441	50.443
2θ_-201	20.872	20.927	20.861	20.873	20.898	20.904
2θ₁₃₁	29.463	29.442	29.503	29.401	29.454	29.469
2θ_-131	30.025	30.018	30.081	29.999	30.018	30.019
d ₁₃₁	3.030	3.031	3.025	3.035	3.0280	3.028
d _-131	2.974	2.974	2.965	2.976	2.976	2.974
S_m	0.858	0.995	0.790	0.884	0.936	0.924
ΔP	0.691	0.714	0.751	0.741	0.641	0.665
η	1.826	2.350	1.562	1.927	2.130	2.081
T₁(0)+T₁(m)	0.713	0.769	0.683	0.724	0.746	0.741
T₁(0)-T₁(m)	0.710	0.728	0.731	0.760	0.713	0.695

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利用X射线衍射和岩矿鉴定等技术研究河南汤家坪钼矿区主要矿物标型特征

1. 河南省岩石矿物测试中心, 河南 郑州 450012 2. 西部矿业集团有限公司, 青海 西宁 810001

作者简介: 周姣花, 高级工程师, 主要从事岩矿鉴定、工艺矿物学、成因矿物学研究工作.E-mail:1071732967@qq.com

The Main Mineral Typomorphic Characteristics of the Henan Tangjiaping Molybdenum District Using X-ray Diffraction and Rock Mineral Identification Technology

1. Henan Province Rock and Mineral Testing Center, Zhengzhou 450012, China 2. Western Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xining 810001, China

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目录

1.
河南省岩石矿物测试中心, 河南郑州 450012

2.
西部矿业集团有限公司, 青海西宁 810001

1.
Henan Province Rock and Mineral Testing Center, Zhengzhou 450012, China

2.
Western Mining Group Co. Ltd., Xining 810001, China