DENSIFICATION TIMING OF RESERVOIR AND ITS BEARINGON HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION IN THE HUAGANG
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摘要:
西湖凹陷花港组储层在埋深3 500 m以下的深层普遍致密化且含气饱和度低。利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、碳氧同位素、激光拉曼和流体包裹体等资料，探讨储层致密化过程及其与油气成藏的关系。结果表明，强烈压实作用是原生孔隙大量损失的主要原因，自生石英、碳酸盐及伊利石胶结是储层致密的关键因素。根据胶结矿物形成时间推算储层致密化发生在中成岩阶段A期末，对应距今约17~13 Ma的中新世中后期。由储层致密化过程与成藏期次匹配关系分析认为，花港组初次成藏期发生在中成岩阶段A期早期，储层尚未致密，但油气充注时间短且强度弱，不能大面积成藏，主成藏期发生在中成岩阶段A期末至中成岩阶段B期，成藏时间对应大致距今15~5 Ma的中新世晚期，但由于储层普遍致密化，油气充注程度低。花港组深层储层“先致密后成藏”是造成含气饱和度普遍较低的重要原因。
Abstract:The deep-buried sandstone reservoirs of the Huagang Formation in the Xihu Sag, which usually occur 3 500 m below sea bottom, are quite dense and low in gas saturation. The process of reservoir densification and its bearing on hydrocarbon accumulation are discussed in this paper based on the data from cast sections, SEM, C-O isotopes, laser roman spectrum and fluid inclusions. The results indicate that strong compaction is the main reason for primary porosity loss and cementations by authigenic quartz, carbonates and illites are the key factors to reservoir densification. According to the time scale of cementation, reservoir densification occurred mainly in the stage A of the middle phase of digenesis in Middle and Late Miocene about 17~13 Ma. Study of timing of reservoir densification and hydrocarbon accumulation suggests that primary hydrocarbon accumulation mainly occurred before the early stage A of the middle digenesis phase, when the reservoir has not yet densified. Owing to the low hydrocarbon accumulation rate and short accumulation time; the reservoir could not fully infilled. The majority of hydrocarbon accumulation occurred in the late stage A of the middle digenesis phase up to the stage B of the middle digenesis phase, about 15~5 Ma before present in late Miocene, when reservoir became densified. As the result, the reservoir of Huagang Formation is low in gas saturation since hydrocarbon is difficult to charge the reservoir completely. Reservoir densification before hydrocarbon accumulation is the main reason for low gas saturation.
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表 1 西湖凹陷花港组致密储层X衍射黏土矿物分析
Table 1. Clay mineralogy by X-ray analysis for tight sandstone reservoir of Huagang Formation in Xihu Sag
井号 深度/m 蒙脱石含量/% I/S/% I/% K/% C/% H2-1 3 932~3 983 ≤15 38.4 27.4 4.2 30 H1-3 3 958~3 968 ≤15 30.7 27.8 4.0 37.5 HY1-3 4 183~4 196 ≤15 41.7 43.2 1.6 13.5 N31-1 4 320~4 338 ≤15 31.9 33.5 3.7 30.9 N31-2 4 183~4 200 ≤15 43.5 41.3 1.7 13.5 
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表 2 花港组致密砂岩储层自生石英流体包裹体特征
Table 2. Characteristics of fluid inclusion in authigenic quartz of tight sandstone reservoir of Huagang Formation in Xihu Sag
井号 深度/m 赋存矿物 气液比/% 大小/μm 均一温度/℃ H1-2 3 541 石英加大边 ＜10 4~10 133.5~142.5 H1-2 3 526.4 石英加大边 ＜10 4~13 128.7~140.3 H2-1 3 940 石英加大边 ＜10 4~10 128.8~140.2 H2-1 3 932.9 石英加大边 ＜10 4~8 125.2~137.1 N7-1 3 852 石英加大边 ＜10 4~9 120.4~140.5 N7-1 4 307 石英加大边 ＜10 5~18 125.4~144.6
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