DENSITY DISTRIBUTION OF CRUDE OIL IN THE ZHUYI DEPRESSION OF PEARL RIVER MOUTH BASIN AND CONTROL FACTORS
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摘要:
珠一坳陷是珠江口盆地的主要产油区，本次研究选取该区79口井共计261个原油样品的密度分析数据，剖析了其分布特征，探讨了其成因。研究结果显示：研究区原油密度以轻质油(140样品)和中质油(57样品)为主，含有少量凝析油(13样品)和重质油(51样品)。其中，轻—中质油在区内各个油田分布广泛；凝析油仅在惠州凹陷惠州26油田珠江组上段油层中分布；重质油主要分布在恩平凹陷、西江凹陷、惠州凹陷流花油田珠江组上段及其上覆地层，油藏埋深以＜2 000 m为主，且现今油藏温度低于85 ℃。珠一坳陷所发现的凝析油主要为凹陷内浅湖—沼泽相烃源岩成熟阶段产物，其密度偏轻主要受油源所控制；轻—中质油密度主要受油源和成熟度控制，与浅湖—半深湖相原油、混源油及浅湖—沼泽相原油相比，半深—深湖相原油具有相对较高的密度，随着原油成熟度增加，其密度降低趋势明显；重质油密度主要受生物降解和水洗作用控制，生物降解和水洗作用导致原油轻组分丧失，原油密度变大。本研究成果可为珠一坳陷不同区域、不同层析原油类型、油品特征、资源量计算及产能预测提供可靠的基础数据。
Abstract:The Zhuyi Depression contributes the most of oil reserve in the Pearl River Mouth Basin. In order to confirm the distribution pattern and the control factors of different oil types in the target area, 261 crude oil density data from 79 wells are collected in this paper. Through careful study, it is observed that the density of oil changes in a wide range from light oil (140 samples) to medium oil (57 samples), with a minor of condensate (13 samples) and heavy oil (51 samples). The light to medium is distributed almost in all the oil fields, while the condensate is only distributed in the upper Zhujiang Formation of the Huizhou 26 oil field. Heavy oil is found in the upper Zhujiang Formation and the shallower reservoirs in the Enping Sag, Xijiang Sag and the Liuhua oil field of Huizhou Sag. Although the data covers a long depth range vertically, they are all less than 2000 meters in depth and the reservoir temperature is below 85 ℃. The condensate oil is the product of the shallow lacustrine-swamp source rock in a maturity stage and the density is obviously controlled by the type of source rock. Density of light-medium oil is controlled by both the oil types and maturity. Comparing to the shallow-semi-deep lacustrine oil, shallow lacustrine-swamp oil and the mixture of the semi-deep-deep lacustrine oil, the deep lacustrine oil has the heaviest density. Crude oil density declines with the increase in oil maturity. The density of heavy oil is mainly controlled by biodegradation and water washing. Both of the two factors can consume the lighter component of oil, and made it heavier. Through the analysis above, we can predict the oil types of main target formation according to the location and temperatures of the formation. The results could be used for the resource assessment and production prediction.
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Key words:
- Zhuyi Depression /
- crude oil density /
- condensate oil /
- heavy oil /
- Pearl River Mouth Basin
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