KEY TECHNOLOGY OF DRILL IN CASING IN OCEAN DRILLING
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摘要:
大洋钻探通常采用无隔水管开路钻进，护壁方式以下套管为主。常规下套管方法作业程序复杂，施工周期长，常因钻孔缩径、坍塌导致套管下不到位，给安全施工带来极大挑战。笔者对大洋钻探随钻扩孔下套管关键技术进行了详细梳理，该技术利用配套专用器具，成功实现扩孔钻进和下套管作业“合二为一”，简化了作业程序，显著缩短施工周期，解决了大洋钻探开路钻进复杂地层下套管作业难度大、风险高等技术难题，为大洋钻探深部取心提供了安全保障。
Abstract:Ocean drilling usually adopts open-circuit drilling without riser, and the main wall protection method is casing. The conventional casing running method has complicated operating procedures and long construction time. The casing is often not in place due to bore shrinkage and collapse, which brings great challenges to the construction. In this paper, the key technology of drill in casing in Ocean Drilling Program is sorted out in detail. This technology uses special supporting tools to realize the “combination of drilling and casing running procedures”, which simplifies the operating procedures and significantly reduces the construction period and solves the technical problems such as the difficulty and high risk of casing running in complex formations by open-circuit drilling in ocean drilling, and provides safety guarantee for deep coring in ocean drilling.
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Key words:
- Ocean Drilling Program /
- drill in casing /
- underreamer /
- water hammer /
- hydraulic tensioning type reamer
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表 1 HOC公司液压张敛式扩孔器型号及规格
Table 1. HOC underreamer models and specifications
HOC张敛式扩孔器型号 扩孔器本体尺寸/in 套管外
径/in钻孔尺寸/in 钻压/kN 转速/rpm DTU 1175 11-3/4 13-3/8，
16，2011-3/4～22 0～88.9 70～110 DTU 950 9-1/2 10-3/4 9-1/2～14-3/4 0～66.7 70～110 
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表 2 DDI公司双心扩孔器型号及规格
Table 2. DDI bi-center reamer models and specifications
DDI双心扩孔器型号 通过
尺寸/in钻孔
尺寸/in最大
钻压/kN转速/
rpm预计使用
寿命/h预计机械
钻速/（m/h）B#182×215 18.25 21.5 444.5 50～60 60～80 6.1～0.61 B#145×185 14.5 18.5 311.2 60～70 60～80 9.1～0.61 B#122×146 12.25 14.625 177.8 60～70 60～80 7.6～0.61
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表 3 IODP367航次U1499B与U1500B孔随钻扩孔下套管施工数据
Table 3. The drill in casing operation data in U1499B and U1500B hole of IODP Expedition 367
孔号 水深/m 套管尺寸/in 钻孔尺寸/in 套管下深/m 下套管总时间/h 随钻扩孔下套管时间/h 平均速度/（m/h） U1499B 3 758.1 10-3/4 12-3/4 651 84.75 31.42 20.72 U1500B 3 801.7 10-3/4 12-3/4 842 94.5 41.08 20.50 注：下套管总时间包含：准备工作、连接套管、组装钻具、调试、下钻、下放水下电视、随钻扩孔下套管、解锁套管送入工具、起钻等作业时间。随钻扩孔下套管时间是指自开始随钻扩孔至套管下到位泥板坐底时间。
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