Sedimentary characteristics and the controlling factors of reservoir in the First Member of Sanya Formation in the HK29 Area, Yingbei District, Yinggehai Basin
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摘要:
随着莺歌海盆地成熟区域及主力层系勘探程度日益提高，新区新层系成为日益关注的焦点。莺北区位于莺歌海凹陷北部，目的层三亚组一段具有较大的勘探潜力，但目前勘探程度较低，对其沉积体系及储层发育情况缺乏系统的研究。基于岩芯观察、镜下薄片鉴定以及地震、测录井、分析化验等资料分析，对HK29区目的层沉积相及其展布特征、储层特征等展开研究，探讨了储层发育的主控因素。结果表明：①HK29区三亚组一段主要发育物源来自海南岛的近源三角洲沉积，水下分流河道微相是有利相带；②三亚组一段储层岩性以长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩为主，孔隙类型以长石溶孔和粒间孔为主，总体表现为中—低孔、低渗—特低渗的特征；③储层物性主要受沉积作用和成岩作用控制，三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体粒度粗、分选好，是发育有利储层的优势相带，压实作用是该区储层物性变差的直接因素，长石和岩屑的溶蚀是改善储层物性的关键因素。基于以上研究，提出HK29区三亚组一段“相带优、埋藏浅、溶蚀强”的优质储层形成机制，有效指导了莺北区领域勘探突破。
Abstract:With the increasing exploration in mature areas and main layers in Yinggehai Basin, new layers in new area gradually become the focus of attention increasingly. Yingbei District is located in the northern part of Yinggehai Basin, and the First Member of Sanya Formation as the target layer has great exploration potential, but the exploration degree is low at present and the sedimentary system and reservoir development are lack of systematic research. Through drill core observation, microscopic thin section identification, seismic data, well logging data, and laboratory analytical data, the sedimentary facies and distribution characteristics, reservoir characteristics, diagenesis and other aspects of the target layer in the study area were studied, and the controlling factors of reservoir development were discussed. Results show that: ① The First Member of Sanya Formation in the HK29 area develops mainly proximal delta sediments influenced by the provenance in Hainan Island. The submarine distributary channel microfacies is a favorable facies belt; ② The lithology of the reservoir rocks in the First Member of Sanya Formation is mainly feldspar lithic sandstone and lithic feldspar sandstone, the pore types are mainly feldspar-dissolved pores and inter-granular pores, and the overall performance is characterized by medium-low porosity, low permeability to ultra-low permeability; ③ The sand bodies in the underwater distributary channel at the delta front are coarse-grained and well-sorted, which is an advantageous facies belt for the development of favorable reservoirs. Compaction is the direct factor for the deterioration of reservoir properties in this area. The dissolution of feldspar and rock fragments is the key factor in improving reservoir properties. The reservoir physical properties are mainly controlled by sedimentation and diagenesis. The sandstones in the submarine distributary channel in the delta front are coarse-grained size and well-sorted, which is the advantageous facies for the development of favorable reservoirs. Compaction is the direct factor for the deterioration of the reservoir physical properties, and the dissolution of feldspar and lithic is the key factor for improving the reservoir physical properties. Base on the above research, the formation mechanism of the high-quality reservoir in the First Member of Sanya Formation in the HK29 Area with “excellent facies belts, shallow burial, and strong dissolution” was proposed, which effectively guided the exploration breakthrough in Yingbei District.
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