Prevention and control of land subsidence in the Red River Delta of Vietnam
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摘要:
目前，世界上大多数的城市化地区，均不同程度地存在地面沉降现象，影响着发育地区的地质安全及可持续发展，在低海拔的河口三角洲地区，其危害尤为严重。故以低海拔的越南红河三角洲为研究区，利用InSAR技术获取了研究区2016年4月至2021年9月的地面沉降发育信息，揭示其全域差异化发展、局部地区较为严重的地面沉降空间分布格局。结合收集的文献资料，探讨了研究区地面沉降发育背景、诱因及危害。在越南红河三角洲与中国长江三角洲地面沉降对比研究成果的基础上，应用长江三角洲地面沉降防治经验，从加强地面沉降调查研究、建设地面沉降立体监测体系、综合防治地面沉降等方面，提出了红河三角洲地面沉降防治对策建议，可为研究区及相似河口三角洲地区的地面沉降防治提供指导。
Abstract:At present, the vast majority of urbanized regions in the world have ground subsidence to varying degrees, which affects the geological safety and sustainable development of local areas, particularly in low-altitude river delta areas. The Red River delta in Vietnam was selected for this study, and InSAR technology was used to extract information of land subsidence from April 2016 to September 2021. The spatial distribution patterns of differentiated development in the whole study area especially heavily suffered areas were presented. By reviewing available information, the geological background of land subsidence, inducive factors, and damages in the study area were explored, and comprehensively compared with the Changjiang (Yangtze) River delta of China based. Based on our experiences, the prevention and control countermeasures were proposed for the Vietnamese case, including to strengthen the field investigation and build three-dimensional monitoring systems in a multi-disciplinary cooperation manner. This study provided a guidance for effective prevention and control of land subsidence in the study area and other similar deltaic areas.
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Key words:
- land subsidence /
- groundwater /
- Vietnam /
- Red River Delta /
- InSAR
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表 1 InSAR测量结果统计及地面沉降易发程度对比
Table 1. Statistics of InSAR results and comparison in the susceptibility of land subsidence
区域 不同沉降速率区间的比例（沉降速率单位为 mm/a）/% 地面沉降易发程度 （−∞,−15] （−15,−5] （−5,5] （5,+∞） InSAR测量范围 1.05 9.98 68.37 20.60 低、较低、中、较高、高 主要沉降区S1 7.38 39.15 53.47 0.00 中、较高 主要沉降区S2 1.75 30.10 62.06 6.09 中 主要沉降区S3 9.46 24.37 63.18 2.99 中 主要沉降区S4 7.82 16.32 45.70 30.16 较低 主要沉降区S5 2.35 34.18 62.61 0.86 中、较高 主要沉降区S6 20.41 51.99 27.02 0.58 较高、高 
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