Determination of the ratio of liquid water mass to gaseous water mass in water vapor field
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摘要: 包气带中裂隙岩体含水量无法用仪器或者实验的方法获取，也无法用理论方法计算，而这部分水对生态复绿和文物保护等的影响不容忽视。为了解决这一问题，确定岩体内气液态水的质量比（α）是关键。在岩体、气态水和液态水组成的开放系统中，当系统内相对湿度达到100%，系统达到局域平衡态。根据热动力学平衡理论，此时系统内气液态水的密度和质量都相等，即液态水和气态水的质量之比为一常数。因此，为了求取α值，文章设计了室内试验，通过对有效试验数据的分析，获取计算α经验公式。试验研究表明：质量比α跟温度t呈指数函数关系；当气态水达到饱和时，液态水的质量远大于气态水的质量。此研究不仅为定量评价包气带中岩体内水汽含量提供一种计算方法，同时对探讨包气带中岩体内气液态水转化规律具有十分重要的参考价值。Abstract: Moisture content of the fractured rock mass in the unsaturated zone cannot be measured or calculated up till now, but liquid water in it is very important for ecological regreening and preservation of cultural relics (frescoes). Determination of the ratio of liquid water mass to gaseous water mass (α) is the key to solve this problem. In the open system, which consists of rock mass, gaseous water and liquid water, two-phase water moves and transforms each other continuously, it is in a non-equilibrium state. When the humidity of the system reaches 100%, it is in a local equilibrium state. According to thermodynamic balance principle, density and mass of liquid water and gaseous water are the same in this system, so the ratio of mass of liquid water to gaseous water α is constant. In this paper, the main aim is to find a way to get the value of α. Experiment is designed to record large numbers of data, and to get an empirical formula to get the value of α. The results show that the relationship between α and temperature can be expressed as an exponential function, and the mass of liquid water is much greater than the mass of gaseous water when gaseous water is saturated. The results are very useful to quantify moisture content of rock mass, and helpful in discussion of the transformation law of gaseous water into liquid water each other.
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Key words:
- local equilibrium state /
- unsaturated zone /
- value of α /
- water vapor field
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