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摘要: 富水隧道的涌水问题是目前隧道施工中要解决的首要问题，尤其是涌水量特别大、水流速度大的隧道。目前针对该问题多采用注浆加固圈的方法，以排为主，后注浆加固。这种方法对于涌水量不大、渗透率低的围岩可行，而对于水压力大、地下水丰富的隧道，其效果差、成本高。针对该问题，文章提出一种幕墙堵水技术。首先分析渗透力与浆液的黏滞系数之间的关系，通过计算得出多孔介质中注浆浆液在渗透力作用下的地下水临界流速，确定幕墙距离隧道的最佳间距为2 m，并提出了24种不同尺寸的注浆方案。采用数值模拟方法，分别计算了24种注浆方案的堵水或限排效果。最后在所建的24个模型中得出注浆深度为30.6 m，注浆长度为20 m的方案为最佳堵水方案，并应用到工程中。结果显示该方案堵水效果明显，洞内积水降低80%，能保证隧道下一步施工。研究表明：通过临界流速分析方法能够经济、快速地确定堵水或限排方案，满足现场施工及注浆堵水限排的要求，研究成果可为类似工程设计提供理论依据。Abstract: The problem of water inrush in water-rich tunnels has become the primary problem to be solved in tunnel construction, especially in tunnels with particularly large water inflow and high water flow velocity. At present, most of the existing researches focus on the grouting reinforcement circle, which is mainly based on drainage and post-grouting. This method is feasible for surrounding rock with small water inflow and low permeability, but where it is high in water pressure and rich in groundwater, tunnels have poor performance and high cost. In view of this problem, this paper proposes a technical solution for curtain wall water blocking. Firstly, the relationship between the penetrating force and the viscosity coefficient of the slurry is analyzed. The critical flow velocity of the groundwater under the penetrating force of the grouting slurry in the porous medium is calculated, and the optimal spacing of the curtain wall from the tunnel is determined to be 2 m. Twenty-four different sizes of grouting solutions are proposed. Secondly, numerical simulation method is used to calculate the water blocking or limiting effect of the twenty-four grouting schemes. Finally, in the twenty-four models built, the scheme with a grouting depth of 30.6 m and a grouting length of 20 m is the best water shutoff scheme and is applied to the project. In the engineering application, the water in the cave is reduced by 80%, and the water blocking effect of the scheme is obvious, which can ensure the next construction of the tunnel. The research results show that the critical flow rate analysis method can economically and quickly determine the water blocking or limited discharge scheme to meet the requirements of in situ construction and grouting and water blocking. The research results can provide theoretical basis for similar engineering design.
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Key words:
- seepage water /
- penetration /
- slurry viscosity /
- seepage velocity /
- curtain grouting /
- water-rich tunnel
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