硫磺强化高氯酸盐衰减的柱试验研究

梁凯旋, 刘菲, 张莉, 杨新敏, 段石敦. 硫磺强化高氯酸盐衰减的柱试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2024, 51(2): 58-65. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202311004
引用本文: 梁凯旋, 刘菲, 张莉, 杨新敏, 段石敦. 硫磺强化高氯酸盐衰减的柱试验研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2024, 51(2): 58-65. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202311004
LIANG Kaixuan, LIU Fei, ZHANG Li, YANG Xinmin, DUAN Shidun. Column experiments study on attenuation of perchlorate stimulated by sulfur[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2024, 51(2): 58-65. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202311004
Citation: LIANG Kaixuan, LIU Fei, ZHANG Li, YANG Xinmin, DUAN Shidun. Column experiments study on attenuation of perchlorate stimulated by sulfur[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology, 2024, 51(2): 58-65. doi: 10.16030/j.cnki.issn.1000-3665.202311004

硫磺强化高氯酸盐衰减的柱试验研究

  • 基金项目: 广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22080070);国家自然科学基金项目(42167025)
详细信息
    作者简介: 梁凯旋(1991—),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事水、土壤、矿山的环境监测、评价与修复研究工作。E-mail:754722633@qq.com
    通讯作者: 刘菲(1969—),女,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事环境监测与地下水污染防控方面的教学和研究工作。E-mail:feiliu@cugb.edu.cn
  • 中图分类号: P641.69

Column experiments study on attenuation of perchlorate stimulated by sulfur

More Information
  • 高氯酸盐(${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $)是一种新的持久性污染物,其分子量小、扩散快、稳定性高,普遍存在于环境中,特别是在烟花生产和燃放较为密集的地区检出浓度较高。${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $会干扰人体甲状腺的正常功能,因此其环境污染问题引起了广泛关注,成为了近年来环境科学领域的研究热点。针对硫磺强化${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减的作用机制和影响因素研究不足的问题,选取污染场地的天然河沙为试验介质,通过柱试验对硫磺强化${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减的过程进行研究,考察了铁及铁氧化物、地下水基质、硝酸盐(${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $)对硫磺强化${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减过程的影响。结果表明,硫磺具有强化${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减的能力,衰减过程主要由微生物驱动,其限制因素主要为微生物必要的无机盐等营养物质;铁及铁氧化物对体系内pH值的降低起到缓冲作用,但对体系内${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减的促进作用有限;地下水基质显著提升了硫磺强化${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $衰减的能力,提升了微生物的产酸作用;地下水中${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $的降解优先于${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $,当${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $低至10 mg/L以下时,${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $才开始明显的降解。硫磺具备作为渗透反应格栅(PRB)的反应介质原位修复${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $等污染物的潜力。本研究为环境修复中的实际应用提供理论依据和数据支持。

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  • 图 1  柱试验概念模型

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  不同试验柱出水中${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $随孔隙体积的变化

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  硫磺反应柱出水中pH、Eh和${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $随孔隙体积的变化

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  硫磺反应柱内${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $${\mathrm{Cl}}^- $浓度变化

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  不同时期硫磺反应柱内Eh、${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $、pH的变化

    Figure 5. 

    图 6  硫磺反应柱内部${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $的质量浓度变化

    Figure 6. 

    表 1  测试指标检出限

    Table 1.  Detection limits of test items

    名称 ${\mathrm{Cl}}^- $ ${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $ ${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $ ${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $ K+ Na+ Ca2+ Mg2+
    检出限/(mg·L−1 0.10 0.25 0.20 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  通入地下水前后水质特征

    Table 2.  Water quality before and after groundwater entering

    名称 pH Eh
    /mV
    ρ/(mg·L−1 ${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $去除率/%
    ${\mathrm{Cl}}^- $ ${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $ ${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $ ${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $ K+ Na+ Ca2+ Mg2+
    146PV入水 6.47 170 0.20 0.56 0.08 2.00 ND ND ND ND 36.5
    146PV出水 5.90 −39 0.32 78.5 0.05 1.27 6.71 ND ND ND
    166PV入水 7.93 154 58.65 89.75 21.21 1.98 0.32 ND 10.37 6.18 100
    166PV出水 3.76 152 58.82 205.61 0.34 ND 13.15 ND 0.40 10.61
      注:ND表示未检出。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
收稿日期:  2023-11-08
修回日期:  2023-12-14
刊出日期:  2024-03-15

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