Analysis on formation mechanism and process of karst collapse in Xiamao Village, Guangzhou City of Guangdong Province
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摘要: 研究区内已发岩溶地面塌陷灾害严重，地质环境条件极其复杂，第四系覆盖土层厚度大，底部粉质黏土层土洞发育、隐伏基岩为壶天群灰岩，溶洞及断层破碎带发育，单个溶洞、土洞规模较大，溶洞与溶洞、土洞与溶洞之间连通性能较好。岩溶地面塌陷是以覆盖层粉质黏土层或砂类土层的扰动和土洞的形成为起点的，根据勘查区上覆盖层二元结构的特征，区内地面塌陷及土洞的发育过程可分为"下黏上砂"二元结构塌陷模式和"下黏上砂、软土"多元结构塌陷模式，塌陷区的岩溶塌陷致塌机制主要为机械贯穿作用，塌陷发育大约经历了四个阶段，建议今后不宜在勘查区及其周边一定范围进行地下工程建设活动及抽、排岩溶地下水行为，避免地下水动力条件发生改变，再次发生岩溶地面塌陷。Abstract: Karst ground collapse in the study area are serious, the geological environment conditions are extremely complicated, the thickness of the Quaternary cover soil layer is large, the silty clay layer is developed at the bottom, and the hidden bedrock is the Hutian group limestone, caves and fault fracture zones are developed. The size of a single cave is usually very large, and the connectivity between the caves are good. The karst ground subsidence occurred with the disturbance of the silty clay layer or the sand soil layer and the formation of the soil hole. According to the characteristics of the double layer structure of the overlying layer in the studying area, the ground subsidence and the development of the soil hole could be divided into the sub-structure collapse mode of "under-adhesive sand" and the multi-structure collapse mode of "under-adhesive sand and soft soil". The collapse mechanism of karst collapse in subsidence area is mainly mechanical penetration, and the collapse development has experienced four stages. It is suggested that underground construction activities and pumping and arranging groundwater in a certain area in the exploration area is inappropriate. So as to avoid changes in groundwater dynamic conditions and reoccurrence of karst ground collapse.
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Key words:
- Guangzhou City /
- Xiamao Village /
- karst collapse /
- genetic mechanism /
- process analysis
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