Temporal-spatial distribution and monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disasters in Beijing during the period of 2004 to 2018
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摘要: 本文对北京市规划和自然资源委员会发布的《北京市环境公报》（2004—2018年）和北京市水务局发布的《北京市水资源公报》（2004—2018年）进行了全面梳理，详细分析了近15年来北京市突发地质灾害的类别构成和时空分布规律。北京市突发地质灾害有崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和地面塌陷4种类型，其中崩塌是北京市发生数量最多的地质灾害。北京市突发地质灾害规模较小，分布广泛。大部分灾害发生在汛期，表明北京市突发地质灾害与降雨密切相关。极端强降雨发生后，不同类型灾害集中暴发。近年来，北京市突发地质灾害专业监测预警工作积极开展，并取得一定的成绩，但是相关的科研、监测预警技术等地灾防治工作仍需提升。本文的相关结论来源于真实数据的统计分析，可为北京市突发地质灾害监测预警工作提供客观数据支撑。Abstract: In the paper,annual "Beijing geological environments Bulletin" and "Beijing Water Resources Bulletin" from 2004 to 2018a were comprehensive arranged,then the temporal-spatial distribution discipline and categories of sudden geological disaster in Beijing were analyzed according to all kinds record data. There were four categories in Beijing,such as,rockfall,landslide,debris flow, and ground collapse. Rockfall is the most frequent category of sudden geological disaster. Small harm degree and wide distribution are the common characteristic of them. The year in which the number of sudden geological disasters occurs in Beijing is also the year with large annual precipitation and most of the sudden geological disasters occur in the flood season, which indicates that the sudden geological disasters in Beijing are closely related to rainfall. After heavy rainfall,sudden geological disasters in different categories happened. In in recent years,monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disaster in Beijing are in progress,and some achievements have been made. But related scientific research,monitoring and early warning technology and other prevention and control work still need to be improved. The relevant conclusions from real data in the paper,can provide an abjective basis for monitoring and early warning of sudden geological disaster in Beijing.
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Key words:
- sudden geological disaster /
- heavy rainfall /
- monitoring and early warning
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